LE COL DE MOLLO PEINT PAR HENRI MATISSE

 

HENRI MATISSE (1869-1954)
Col de Mollo (231m)
France (Pyrénées)

In Montagnes à Collioure, aquarelle sur papier 20.6 x 26 cm, Collection privée

A propos de cette œuvre
Elle fut réalisée en 1905 alors que Henri Matisse travaillait au port de pêche de Collioure avec André Derain qui en profita pour peindre sa célèbre toile actuellement à la National Gallery of Art de Washington, D.C., Montagnes à Collioure.

La montagne
Le col de Mollo (231m) est un col des Pyrénées situé sur le versant nord du massif des Albères, à la frontière entre les territoires de Collioure et Port-Vendres, dans les Pyrénées-Orientales, au croisement de la route départementale D 86 et de deux routes communales. Le nom catalan de Molló est fréquent dans les Pyrénées-Orientales : on le rencontre à Mosset, à Serdinya, à Saint-Marsal et, bien sûr, dans le nom même de Prats-de-Mollo, qui fait référence au village voisin en Catalogne de Molló. Son origine se trouve sans doute dans le terme latin Mutulus, désignant une pierre en saillie, et par extension une borne. Celui-ci a évolué en latin populaire vers Mutulione, puis progressivement vers le catalan par Mutlione (chute du u atone), puis Mollone à l'époque romane, pour arriver enfin à Molló, par chute du n final en ayant pour effet de laisser un o acentué. Un Pogium Mulionem (en forme moderne : Puig Molló) est mentionné au xe siècle : cette petite montagne devait sans doute délimiter le territoire de Collioure. Seul subsiste aujourd'hui le nom du col. Le massif des Albères--est un massif de montagnes qui constitue la partie la plus orientale des Pyrénées. Le massif des Albères est délimité à l'ouest par le col du Perthus et la rivière de Rome, qui le séparent du massif des Salines, à l'est par la mer Méditerranée entre Argelès-sur-Mer en France et Port-Bou et Llançà en Espagne. Les Albères dominent la basse vallée du Tech et la plaine du Roussillon au nord et la plaine de l'Empordà au sud. Les montagnes de la rive droite du Tech, à l'ouest, la délimitation est incertaine et presque impossible à déterminer. Au sud, le massif du Cap de Creus, est parfois considéré comme faisant partie des Albères. L'arête sommitale des Albères permet de délimiter la frontière entre la France et l'Espagne. Ainsi, le massif fait géographiquement partie des Pyrénées. Administrativement, il se trouve sur le département des Pyrénées-Orientales en France, et dans la province de Gérone en Catalogne (Espagne).

Le peintre

 Henri Matisse est un peintre, dessinateur, graveur et sculpteur français. Figure majeure du xxe siècle, son influence sur l'art de la seconde partie de ce siècle est considérable par l'utilisation de la simplification, de la stylisation, de la synthèse et de la couleur comme seul sujet de la peinture, aussi bien pour les nombreux peintres figuratifs qu'abstraits qui se réclameront de lui et de ses découvertes. Il fut le chef de file du fauvisme. Célèbre et célébré de son vivant, Matisse aura une influence prépondérante sur la peinture américaine, et en particulier sur l'École de New York, Mark Rothko, Barnett Newman, Motherwell, mais aussi en Allemagne, au travers des élèves de son académie, Marg Moll, Oskar Moll, Hans Purrmann…Il était ami avec Pablo Picasso, qui le considérait comme son grand rival. Cette amitié, mélange d'admiration mutuelle et de rivalité est le sujet du tableau Don Pablo danse un huayno sous le regard étonné de Matisse du peintre péruvien Herman Braun-Vega.
À la première école de New York, emmené par les deux critiques Harold Rosenbe et Clement Greenberg, il convient d'ajouter la seconde école de New York avec des figures comme Frank Stella et le mouvement que Greenberg définit comme la Post-Painterly-Abstraction, le Colorfield Painting (Morris Louis, Helen Frankenthaler, Sam Francis, Jules Olitskix), ou encore le hard edge (Kenneth Noland, Mary Pinchot Meyer…). Mais également les peintres du Pop Art, dont Warhol qui déclare, en 1956 : « Je veux être Matisse», ou Tom Wesselmann, Roy Lichtenstein, qui feront d'amples citations du peintre français. En France, l'influence de Matisse se retrouve chez les peintres de Supports/Surfaces, et dans les textes théoriques du critique Marcelin Pleynet, comme Système de la peinture.
En 2015, une étude menée à l'European Synchrotron Radiation Facility de Grenoble révèle au monde de l'art que le sulfure de cadmium connu aussi comme étant le pigment jaune de cadmium utilisé par Matisse est sujet à un processus d'oxydation lors d'une exposition à la lumière, se transformant alors en sulfate de cadmium très soluble dans l'eau et surtout incolore.

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2023 - Wandering Vertexes ....
Gravir les montagnes en peinture...
Un blog de Francis Rousseau 

THE GRANDE CASSE PAINTED BY HENRI MATISSE

HENRI MATISSE (1869- 1954) 

The Grande Casse (3, 855 m - 12,648 ft)  

France 

 In  Les Alpes de Savoie, 1901. oil on canvas,  Musée Picasso, Paris 

The mountain 
The Grande Casse (3, 855 m - 12,648 ft) is the highest mountain of the Vanoise Massif in the Graian Alps in the region of Savoie, France. It is located in the heart of the Vanoise National Park, near the village of Pralognan-la-Vanoise, which is about 25 km southeast of the nearest town, Moûtiers. It has a steep 600 m high north face. The other sides of the mountain are more gentle, mostly consisting of broken rocks. A high ridge connects it to the nearby peak of Grande Motte. The ridge connecting the Grande Casse and the Grande Motte is the watershed between the Tarentaise Valley in the north and Maurienne valley to the south.
The first ascent was made by William Mathews along with guides Michel Croz and E. Favre via the southwest face on 8 August 1860.  The north face was climbed on 6 August 1933 by the Italians Aldo Bonacossa and L. Binaghi.

The painter 
The most famous french artist Henri Émile Benoît Matisse is known for both his use of colour and his fluid and original draughtsmanship. He was a draughtsman, printmaker, and sculptor, but is known primarily as a painter. Matisse is commonly regarded, along with Pablo Picasso, as one of the artists who best helped to define the revolutionary developments in the visual arts throughout the opening decades of the twentieth century, responsible for significant developments in painting and sculpture.
The intense colorism of the works he painted between 1900 and 1905 brought him notoriety as one of the Fauves.  Many of his finest works were created in the decade or so after 1906, when he developed a rigorous style that emphasized flattened forms and decorative pattern. In 1917 he relocated to a suburb of Nice on the French Riviera, and the more relaxed style of his work during the 1920s gained him critical acclaim as an upholder of the classical tradition in French painting. After 1930, he adopted a bolder simplification of form. When ill health in his final years prevented him from painting, he created an important body of work in the medium of cut paper collage.
His mastery of the expressive language of colour and drawing, displayed in a body of work spanning over a half-century, won him recognition as a leading figure in modern art.
The painting above showing The Grande Casse peak from the west, belongs to the early paintings period, all painted before 1905.

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2018 - Wandering Vertexes...

by Francis Rousseau 

MOUNT VESUVIUS PAINTED BY ALBERT MARQUET

ALBERT MARQUET (1875–1947), 

 Mount Vesuvius (1,281 m- 4,203 ft at present) 

 Italy

In La baie de  Naples et le Vésuve, 81 x 69 cm, oil on canvas 1909,   Pushkin museum, Moscow

The mountain 

Mount Vesuvius (1,281 m - 4,203 ft at present) is one of those legendary and mythic mountains  the Earth  paid regularly tribute. Monte Vesuvio in Italian modern langage or Mons Vesuvius in antique Latin langage is a stratovolcano in the Gulf of Naples (Italy) about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. 

It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure.

Mount Vesuvius is best known for its eruption in AD 79 that led to the burying and destruction of the Roman antique cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and several other settlements. That eruption ejected a cloud of stones, ash, and fumes to a height of 33 km (20.5 mi), spewing molten rock and pulverized pumice at the rate of 1.5 million tons per second, ultimately releasing a hundred thousand times the thermal energy released by the Hiroshima bombing. At least 1,000 people died in the eruption. The only surviving eyewitness account of the event consists of two letters by Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus.

Vesuvius has erupted many times since and is the only volcano on the European mainland to have erupted within the last hundred years. Nowadays, it is regarded as one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world because of the population of 3,000,000 people living nearby and its tendency towards explosive eruptions (said Plinian eruptions). It is the most densely populated volcanic region in the world.

Vesuvius was formed as a result of the collision of two tectonic plates, the African and the Eurasian. The former was subducted beneath the latter, deeper into the earth. As the water-saturated sediments of the oceanic African plate were pushed to hotter depths in the earth, the water boiled off and caused the melting point of the upper mantle to drop enough to create partial melting of the rocks. Because magma is less dense than the solid rock around it, it was pushed upward. Finding a weak place at the Earth's surface it broke through, producing the volcano.

The area around Vesuvius was officially declared a national park on June 5, 1995. The summit of Vesuvius is open to visitors and there is a small network of paths around the mountain that are maintained by the park authorities on weekends.

The painter 
Albert Marquet was a French painter, associated with the Fauvist movement. He initially became one of the Fauve painters and a lifelong friend of Henri Matisse. In 1890 Marquet moved to Paris to attend the Ecole des Arts Decoratifs, where he met Henri Matisse. They were roommates for a time, and they influenced each other's work. Marquet began studies in 1892 at the École des Beaux-Arts de Paris under Gustave Moreau, the famous symbolist artist. In 1905 he exhibited at the Salon d'Automne. Dismayed by the intense coloration in these paintings, critics reacted by naming the artists the "Fauves", i.e. the wild beasts. Although Marquet painted with the fauves for years, he used less bright and violent colours than the others, and emphasized less intense tones made by mixing complementaries, thus always as colors and never as grays.
From 1907 to his death, Marquet alternated between working in his studio in Paris (a city he painted a lot of times) and many parts of the European coast and in North Africa. He was most involved with Algeria and Algiers and Tunisia. He remained also impressed particularly with Naples and Venice where he painted the sea and boats, accenting the light over water.  During his voyages to Germany and Sweden he painted the subjects he usually preferred: river and sea views, ports and ships, but also cityscapes.

Matisse said ; "When I look at Hokusai, I think of Marquet—and vice versa ... I don't mean imitation of Hokusai, I mean similarity with him".

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2019 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau 

THE CANIGOU BY ALBERT MARQUET

ALBERT MARQUET (1875–1947) 

Canigou (2,784 m- 9,137 ft)

France (Pyrenees) 

 In Le Canigou vu de Vernet-les-Bains, 1940, watercolor on paper, Private collection 

The mountain 

The Canigou (2,784m - 9,137 ft.) is a mountain located in the Pyrenees-Orientales (southern France), south of Prades and north of Prats-de-Mollo-la-Preste. Its summit is a quadripoint between the territories of Casteil, Taurinya, Valmanya and Vernet-les-Bains. Its location makes it visible from the plains of Roussillon and from Conflent in France, and as well from Empordà in Spain. Due to its sharp flanks and its dramatic location near the coast, until the 18th century the Canigou was believed to be the highest mountain in the Pyrenees.
Twice a year, in early February and at the end of October, with good weather, the Canigou can be seen at sunset from as far as Marseille, 250 km away, by refraction of light. This phenomenon was observed in 1808 by baron Franz Xaver von Zach from the Notre-Dame de la Garde basilica in Marseille. All year long, it can also be seen, with good weather, from Agde, Port-Camargue and the Montagne Noire.
The mountain has symbolical significance for Catalan people. On its summit stands a cross that is often decorated with the Catalan flag.  Every year on 23 June, the night before St. John's day (nuit de la Saint Jean), day of the summer solstice, there is a ceremony called Flama del Canigó (Canigou Flame), where a fire is lit at the mountaintop. People keep a vigil during the night and take torches lit on the fire in a spectacular torch relay to light bonfires elsewhere. Many bonfires are lit in this way all over the Pyrénées-Orientales, Catalonia, Valencian Community, and Balearic Islands theoretically.

The painter 
Albert Marquet was a French painter, associated with the Fauvist movement. He initially became one of the Fauve painters and a lifelong friend of Henri Matisse. In 1890 Marquet moved to Paris to attend the Ecole des Arts Decoratifs, where he met Henri Matisse. They were roommates for a time, and they influenced each other's work. Marquet began studies in 1892 at the École des Beaux-Arts de Paris under Gustave Moreau, the famous symbolist artist. In 1905 he exhibited at the Salon d'Automne. Dismayed by the intense coloration in these paintings, critics reacted by naming the artists the "Fauves", i.e. the wild beasts. Although Marquet painted with the fauves for years, he used less bright and violent colours than the others, and emphasized less intense tones made by mixing complementaries, thus always as colors and never as grays.
Marquet subsequently painted in a more naturalistic style, primarily landscapes, but also several portraits and, between 1910 and 1914, several female nude paintings.
From 1907 to his death, Marquet alternated between working in his studio in Paris (a city he painted a lot of times) and many parts of the European coast and in North Africa. He was most involved with Algeria and Algiers and with Tunisia. He remained also impressed particularly with Naples and Venice where he painted the sea and boats, accenting the light over water.  During his voyages to Germany and Sweden he painted the subjects he usually preferred: river and sea views, ports and ships, but also cityscapes.
The watercolor of Pyrenees (above) is a rare example of Marquet painting mountains, which was not his favorite subject.
Marquet was particularly revered by the American painters Leland Bell and his wife Louisa Matthiasdottir. He was also revered by Bell's contemporaries Al Kresch and Gabriel Laderman. Since both Bell and Laderman were teachers in several American art schools, they have had an influence on younger American figurative artists and their appreciation of Marquet.
Matisse said ; "When I look at Hokusai, I think of Marquet—and vice versa ... I don't mean imitation of Hokusai, I mean similarity with him".

JEBEL BOUKORNINE BY ALBERT MARQUET

 ALBERT MARQUET (1875–1947)

Jebel Boukornine (546 m -1791 ft) 

Tunisia

In  Le canal de Tunis, oil on canvas, private collection 

The mountain
Jebel Boukornine (جبل بوقرنين‎), also spelled Djebel Bou Kornine or Mount Bou Kornine, is a 576-meter mountain in northern Tunisia, overlooking the Gulf of Tunis and Hammam Lif city.
It consists of folded and faulted outcrops of Jurassic limestone.  Its name "bou kornine" comes from Tunisian Arabic meaning "the one with two horns", originally from the punic language as "ba'al kornine", meaning "lord with two horns". It owes its name to the two highlights of altitude 576 and 493 meters at the top. During the times of ancient Carthage, the mountain was considered sacred and religious rituals were conducted there.
The massif is part of Boukornine National Park, covering area of 1939 ha and protecting many species of plants and animals. The mountain slopes are covered Aleppo pine and cedar. Djebel Ressas about 30 km to the southwest is a taller peak at 795 m.

The painter
Albert Marquet was a French painter, associated with the Fauvist movement. He initially became one of the Fauve painters and a lifelong friend of Henri Matisse. In 1890 Marquet moved to Paris to attend the Ecole des Arts Décoratifs, where he met Henri Matisse. They were roommates for a time, and they influenced each other's work.  Marquet began studies in 1892 at the École des Beaux-Arts de Paris under Gustave Moreau, the famous symbolist artist. In 1905 he exhibited at the Salon d'Automne. Dismayed by the intense coloration in these paintings, critics reacted by naming the artists the "Fauves", i.e. the wild beasts. Although Marquet painted with the fauves for years, he used less bright and violent colours than the others, and emphasized less intense tones made by mixing complementaries, thus always as colors and never as grays.
From 1907 to his death, Marquet alternated between working in his studio in Paris (a city he painted a lot of times) and many parts of the European coast and in North Africa. He was most involved with Algeria and Algiers and Tunisia. He remained also impressed particularly with Naples and Venice where he painted the sea and boats, accenting the light over water. During his voyages to Germany and Sweden he painted the subjects he usually preferred: river and sea views, ports and ships, but also cityscapes.
Matisse said : "When I look at Hokusai, I think of Marquet—and vice versa ... I don't mean imitation of Hokusai, I mean similarity with him".

__________________________________
2019 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau

THE MONT BLANC PAINTED BY ALBERT MARQUET

ALBERT MARQUET  (1875–1947) 

The Mont Blanc (4,808.13 m - 15,776.7 ft)

  France - Italy  border

In  Le Léman vu de Montreux, le Mont Blanc, 1937, oil on canvas, Private collection  

The mountain 

Mont Blanc (in French) or Monte Bianco (in Italian), both meaning "White Mountain", is the highest mountain in the Alps and the highest in Europe after the Caucasus peaks. It rises 4,808.73 m (15,777 ft) above sea level and is ranked 11th in the world in topographic prominence.  The Mont Blanc is one of the Seven Summit, which includes the highest mountains of each of the seven continents. Summiting all of them is regarded as a mountaineering challenge, first achieved on April 30, 1985 by Richard Bass.  The 7 highest summit, (which are obviously 8 with 2 in Europe !) are :  

Mount Everest (8,848m), Aconcagua (6,961m), Mt Denali or Mc Kinley (6,194m),  Kilimandjaro (5,895m), Mt Elbrus (5,642m), Mount Vinson (4,892m) and Mount Kosciuszko  (2,228m) in Australia.

The mountain lies in a range called the Graian Alps, between the regions of Aosta Valley, Italy, and Savoie and Haute-Savoie, France. The location of the summit is on the watershed line between the valleys of Ferret and Veny in Italy and the valleys of Montjoie, and Arve in France. The Mont Blanc massif is popular for mountaineering, hiking, skiing, and snowboarding.

The three towns and their communes which surround Mont Blanc are Courmayeur in Aosta Valley, Italy, and Saint-Gervais-les-Bains and Chamonix in Haute-Savoie, France.  A cable car ascends and crosses the mountain range from Courmayeur to Chamonix, through the Col du Géant. Constructed beginning in 1957 and completed in 1965, the 11.6 km (7¼ mi) Mont Blanc Tunnel runs beneath the mountain between these two countries and is one of the major trans-Alpine transport routes.

Since the French Revolution, the issue of the ownership of the summit has been debated.... 

More about Mont Blanc 

The painter 
Albert Marquet was a French painter, associated with the Fauvist movement. He initially became one of the Fauve painters and a lifelong friend of Henri Matisse. In 1890 Marquet moved to Paris to attend the Ecole des Arts Decoratifs, where he met Henri Matisse. They were roommates for a time, and they influenced each other's work. Marquet began studies in 1892 at the École des Beaux-Arts de Paris under Gustave Moreau, the famous symbolist artist. In 1905 he exhibited at the Salon d'Automne. Dismayed by the intense coloration in these paintings, critics reacted by naming the artists the "Fauves", i.e. the wild beasts. Although Marquet painted with the fauves for years, he used less bright and violent colours than the others, and emphasized less intense tones made by mixing complementaries, thus always as colors and never as grays.
Marquet subsequently painted in a more naturalistic style, primarily landscapes, but also several portraits and, between 1910 and 1914, several female nude paintings.
From 1907 to his death, Marquet alternated between working in his studio in Paris (a city he painted a lot of times) and many parts of the European coast and in North Africa. He was most involved with Algeria and Algiers and with Tunisia. He remained also impressed particularly with Naples and Venice where he painted the sea and boats, accenting the light over water.  During his voyages to Germany and Sweden he painted the subjects he usually preferred: river and sea views, ports and ships, but also cityscapes.
Marquet was particularly revered by the American painters Leland Bell and his wife Louisa Matthiasdottir. He was also revered by Bell's contemporaries Al Kresch and Gabriel Laderman. Since both Bell and Laderman were teachers in several American art schools, they have had an influence on younger American figurative artists and their appreciation of Marquet.
Matisse said ; "When I look at Hokusai, I think of Marquet—and vice versa ... I don't mean imitation of Hokusai, I mean similarity with him".

CAPE BON / RAS EL DAR BY ALBERT MARQUET

ALBERT MARQUET (1875–1947)

Cape Bon  / Ras El Dar (637m -2,089ft) 

Tunisia 

1. In Vue de  la Falaise rouge de Sidi Bou Said, Cap Bon et le golfe de Tunis, watercolour, 

2. In Vue de  la Falaise rouge de Sidi Bou Said, , watercolour

3. In Cap Bon vu de  la VIlla Erlanger  watercolour 

The mountains
Cape Bon  (637m -2,089ft)  ("Good Cape" in french)  refers to either a peninsula in far northeastern Tunisia, also known as Watan el-Kibli (الرأس الطيب‎), administered as the country's Nabeul Governorate, or the northernmost point on the peninsula, also known as Ras ed-Dar.
Settlements on the peninsula include Nabeul, El Haouaria, Kelibia, Menzel Temime, Korba, and Beni Khalled.  Mountains include Kef Bou Krim (237 m -778 ft), Kef er-Rend (637 m - 2,090 ft), Jebel Sidi Abd er-Rahmane (602 m-1,975 ft), Jebel Hofra (421 m -1,381 ft), and Jebel Reba el-Aine (328 m -1,076 ft). Besides Cape Bon, other headlands on the peninsula are Ras Dourdas and Ras el-Fortass on the northern shore, Ras el-Melah on the short eastern shore, and Ras Mostefa and Ras Maamoura on the southern shore. The ruins of the Punic town Kerkouane are also located here. Djebel Mlezza ("Mt Mlessa") has tombs from the time of Agathocles, which were excavated just before the First World War. Cape Bon  and the Gulf of Tunis are visible from the little town of Sidi Bou Saïd, like  the painter Albert  Marqet painted it  (see above)

The painter 
Albert Marquet was a French painter, associated with the Fauvist movement. He initially became one of the Fauve painters and a lifelong friend of Henri Matisse. In 1890 Marquet moved to Paris to attend the Ecole des Arts Decoratifs, where he met Henri Matisse. They were roommates for a time, and they influenced each other's work. Marquet began studies in 1892 at the École des Beaux-Arts de Paris under Gustave Moreau, the famous symbolist artist. In 1905 he exhibited at the Salon d'Automne. Dismayed by the intense coloration in these paintings, critics reacted by naming the artists the "Fauves", i.e. the wild beasts. Although Marquet painted with the fauves for years, he used less bright and violent colours than the others, and emphasized less intense tones made by mixing complementaries, thus always as colors and never as grays.
From 1907 to his death, Marquet alternated between working in his studio in Paris (a city he painted a lot of times) and many parts of the European coast and in North Africa. He was most involved with Algeria and Algiers and Tunisia. He remained also impressed particularly with Naples and Venice where he painted the sea and boats, accenting the light over water.  During his voyages to Germany and Sweden he painted the subjects he usually preferred: river and sea views, ports and ships, but also cityscapes.

Matisse said ; "When I look at Hokusai, I think of Marquet—and vice versa ... I don't mean imitation of Hokusai, I mean similarity with him".

2018 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau

JEBEL BOU KORBOUS BY ALBERT MARQUET

ALBERT MARQUET (1875–1947)

Jebel Bou Korbous (401 m - 1314 ft)

Tunisia

 In Paysage de Sidi Bou Said, watercolour, 1923, Private collection 

The hill
Jebel Bou Korbous  (401 m - 1314 ft) is a mountain located in the Korbous massif, east of Jebel Douela and west of El Bredj, in the Gulf of Tunis in Tunisia. It can be seen from the hill of Sidi Bou Saïd (like in thus painting). From Tunis, in good weather conditions, one can easily see  these mountains that flow into the sea on the other side of the Gulf of Tunis, home to several hot springs.
Many activities are possible: hiking, swimming, diving, hydrotherapy ... Particularity of the massif: tiny caves formed in the sandstone blocks. Under the effect of wind and rain, some blocks partially disintegrated, forming these small natural shelters.

The painter 
Albert Marquet was a French painter, associated with the Fauvist movement. He initially became one of the Fauve painters and a lifelong friend of Henri Matisse. In 1890 Marquet moved to Paris to attend the Ecole des Arts Decoratifs, where he met Henri Matisse. They were roommates for a time, and they influenced each other's work. Marquet began studies in 1892 at the École des Beaux-Arts de Paris under Gustave Moreau, the famous symbolist artist. In 1905 he exhibited at the Salon d'Automne. Dismayed by the intense coloration in these paintings, critics reacted by naming the artists the "Fauves", i.e. the wild beasts. Although Marquet painted with the fauves for years, he used less bright and violent colours than the others, and emphasized less intense tones made by mixing complementaries, thus always as colors and never as grays.
From 1907 to his death, Marquet alternated between working in his studio in Paris (a city he painted a lot of times) and many parts of the European coast and in North Africa. He was most involved with Algeria and Algiers and Tunisia. He remained also impressed particularly with Naples and Venice where he painted the sea and boats, accenting the light over water.  During his voyages to Germany and Sweden he painted the subjects he usually preferred: river and sea views, ports and ships, but also cityscapes.

Matisse said ; "When I look at Hokusai, I think of Marquet—and vice versa ... I don't mean imitation of Hokusai, I mean similarity with him".

2018 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau

THE JAIZKIBEL BY ALBERT MARQUET

ALBERT MARQUET (1875–1947)

 The Jaizkibel (547m -1, 795ft) 

Spain / France border

1.  In  Fontarabie vue d'Hendaye, oil on canvas, 1899

2.   In Vue d'Hendaye, watercolour, 1900 

The mountain 

The Jaizkibel is mountain range of the Basque Country located east of Pasaia, north of Lezo and west of Hondarribia, in Spain, with 547 m at the highest point (peak Alleru). The range stretches south-west to north-east, where it plunges into the sea at the Cape Higuer (spelled Higher too). To the north-west, the mountain dips its slopes in the sea with beautiful cliffs all along, overlooking on the east the marshes of Txingudi, the river Bidasoa and its mouth (tracing the state borderline between France and Spain) as well as the towns of Irun, Hendaia (Hendaye in french) and Hondarribia on the river banks. The nearest relevant mountains are La Rhune, Aiako Harria and Ulia closing the view east to west from the south. Some people consider Jaizkibel to be the first westernmost mountain of the Pyrenees.
The area is a relevant landmark on the grounds of its strategic position close to the border with France, with the range standing as the easternmost Spanish rise by the seaside and affording an unmatched view miles away, both over the sea and inland. As a result, the military has always showed an interest in the place since the 16th century when the Spanish-French border started to be drafted, taking to building defence facilities, such as the towers dotting the ridge (dating from the Carlist Wars) or the Fortress of Guadalupe going back to 1890, nowadays out of use. The northern slopes have borne witness to frequent military manoeuvres from the decade of the 50s through the early 90s, when the road to the booster station was sometimes cut off to avoid disruption and damage.

The painter 
Albert Marquet was a French painter, associated with the Fauvist movement. He initially became one of the Fauve painters and a lifelong friend of Henri Matisse. In 1890 Marquet moved to Paris to attend the Ecole des Arts Decoratifs, where he met Henri Matisse. They were roommates for a time, and they influenced each other's work. Marquet began studies in 1892 at the École des Beaux-Arts de Paris under Gustave Moreau, the famous symbolist artist. In 1905 he exhibited at the Salon d'Automne. Dismayed by the intense coloration in these paintings, critics reacted by naming the artists the "Fauves", i.e. the wild beasts. Although Marquet painted with the fauves for years, he used less bright and violent colours than the others, and emphasized less intense tones made by mixing complementaries, thus always as colors and never as grays.
Marquet subsequently painted in a more naturalistic style, primarily landscapes, but also several portraits and, between 1910 and 1914, several female nude paintings.
From 1907 to his death, Marquet alternated between working in his studio in Paris (a city he painted a lot of times) and many parts of the European coast and in North Africa. He was most involved with Algeria and Algiers and with Tunisia. He remained also impressed particularly with Naples and Venice where he painted the sea and boats, accenting the light over water.  During his voyages to Germany and Sweden he painted the subjects he usually preferred: river and sea views, ports and ships, but also cityscapes.
Marquet was particularly revered by the American painters Leland Bell and his wife Louisa Matthiasdottir. He was also revered by Bell's contemporaries Al Kresch and Gabriel Laderman. Since both Bell and Laderman were teachers in several American art schools, they have had an influence on younger American figurative artists and their appreciation of Marquet.
Matisse said ; "When I look at Hokusai, I think of Marquet—and vice versa ... I don't mean imitation of Hokusai, I mean similarity with him".

DJEBEL BOUKORNINE (2) PAINTED BY ALBERT MARQUET

 

ALBERT MARQUET (1875–1947)
DJebel Boukornine (546 m -1791 ft)
Tunisia

In Sidi Bou Saïd-palmier, oil on canvas, private collection

The mountain
DJebel Boukornine (جبل بوقرنين‎), also spelled Jebel Bou Kornine or Mount Bou Kornine, is a 576-meter mountain in northern Tunisia, overlooking the Gulf of Tunis and Hammam Lif city.
It consists of folded and faulted outcrops of Jurassic limestone. Its name "bou kornine" comes from Tunisian Arabic meaning "the one with two horns", originally from the punic language as "ba'al kornine", meaning "lord with two horns". It owes its name to the two highlights of altitude 576 and 493 meters at the top. During the times of ancient Carthage, the mountain was considered sacred and religious rituals were conducted there.
The massif is part of Boukornine National Park, covering area of 1939 ha and protecting many species of plants and animals. The mountain slopes are covered Aleppo pine and cedar. Djebel Ressas about 30 km to the southwest is a taller peak at 795 m.

The painter
Albert Marquet  was a French painter, associated with the Fauvist movement. He initially became one of the Fauve painters and a lifelong friend of Henri Matisse. In 1890 Marquet moved to Paris to attend the Ecole des Arts Décoratifs, where he met Henri Matisse. They were roommates for a time, and they influenced each other's work. Marquet began studies in 1892 at the École des Beaux-Arts de Paris under Gustave Moreau, the famous symbolist artist. In 1905 he exhibited at the Salon d'Automne. Dismayed by the intense coloration in these paintings, critics reacted by naming the artists the "Fauves", i.e. the wild beasts. Although Marquet painted with the fauves for years, he used less bright and violent colours than the others, and emphasized less intense tones made by mixing complementaries, thus always as colors and never as grays.
From 1907 to his death, Marquet alternated between working in his studio in Paris (a city he painted a lot of times) and many parts of the European coast and in North Africa. He was most involved with Algeria and Algiers and Tunisia. He remained also impressed particularly with Naples and Venice where he painted the sea and boats, accenting the light over water. During his voyages to Germany and Sweden he painted the subjects he usually preferred: river and sea views, ports and ships, but also cityscapes.
Matisse said : "When I look at Hokusai, I think of Marquet—and vice versa ... I don't mean imitation of Hokusai, I mean similarity with him". 

__________________________________
2021 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau

VESUVIUS PAINTED BY ALBERT MARQUET

 

ALBERT MARQUET (1875–1947)

Mount Vesuvius (1,281m - 4,203ft)

Italy

 In La baie de  Naples et le Vésuve, 1909, Oil on canvas, 62x 80 cm  

Ermitage Museum, Sankt-Petersburg, Russia

The mountain
Mount Vesuvius (1,281 meters- 4,203 ft at present) is one of those legendary and mythic mountains the Earth paid regularly tribute. Monte Vesuvio in Italian modern langage or Mons Vesuvius in antique Latin langage is a stratovolcano in the Gulf of Naples (Italy) about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Naples and a short distance from the shore.
It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure.
Mount Vesuvius is best known for its eruption in AD 79 that led to the burying and destruction of the Roman antique cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and several other settlements. That eruption ejected a cloud of stones, ash, and fumes to a height of 33 km (20.5 mi), spewing molten rock and pulverized pumice at the rate of 1.5 million tons per second, ultimately releasing a hundred thousand times the thermal energy released by the Hiroshima bombing. At least 1,000 people died in the eruption. The only surviving eyewitness account of the event consists of two letters by Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus.
More about Vesuvius ...


The painter
Albert Marquet was a French painter, associated with the Fauvist movement. He initially became one of the Fauve painters and a lifelong friend of Henri Matisse. In 1890 Marquet moved to Paris to attend the Ecole des Arts Decoratifs, where he met Henri Matisse. They were roommates for a time, and they influenced each other's work. Marquet began studies in 1892 at the École des Beaux-Arts de Paris under Gustave Moreau, the famous symbolist artist. In 1905 he exhibited at the Salon d'Automne. Dismayed by the intense coloration in these paintings, critics reacted by naming the artists the "Fauves", i.e. the wild beasts. Although Marquet painted with the fauves for years, he used less bright and violent colours than the others, and emphasized less intense tones made by mixing complementaries, thus always as colors and never as grays.
Marquet subsequently painted in a more naturalistic style, primarily landscapes, but also several portraits and, between 1910 and 1914, several female nude paintings.
From 1907 to his death, Marquet alternated between working in his studio in Paris (a city he painted a lot of times) and many parts of the European coast and in North Africa. He was most involved with Algeria and Algiers and with Tunisia. He remained also impressed particularly with Naples (see above) and Venice where he painted the sea and boats, accenting the light over water. During his voyages to Germany and Sweden he painted the subjects he usually preferred: river and sea views, ports and ships, but also cityscapes.
Marquet was particularly revered by the American painters Leland Bell and his wife Louisa Matthiasdottir. He was also revered by Bell's contemporaries Al Kresch and Gabriel Laderman. Since both Bell and Laderman were teachers in several American art schools, they have had an influence on younger American figurative artists and their appreciation of Marquet.
Matisse said ; "When I look at Hokusai, I think of Marquet—and vice versa ... I don't mean imitation of Hokusai, I mean similarity with him".

_____________________________

2020 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau

MOUNT VESUVIUS PAINTED BY ALBERT MARQUET (3)

 

ALBERT MARQUET (1875–1947),
Mount Vesuvius (1,281 m- 4,203 ft at present)
Italy 

                     

                              In La Baie de Naples et le Vésuve, 1909, oil on canvas,  Tate London

About this painting

During his jounrey to Italy in 1909, Albert Marquet has painted Vesuvius several times, at different moment of the day  and, each time with the same title, which doen'st make their identificationn very easy ! Here are too others examples already pusblished in this blog : 

- La baie de Naples et le Vésuve, 1909, Pushkin museum, Moscow
- La baie de Naples et le Vésuve, 1909, Ermitage Museum, Sankt-Petersburg, Russia


The mountain
Mount Vesuvius (1,281 m - 4,203 ft at present) is one of those legendary and mythic mountains the Earth paid regularly tribute. Monte Vesuvio in Italian modern langage or Mons Vesuvius in antique Latin langage is a stratovolcano in the Gulf of Naples (Italy) about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Naples and a short distance from the shore.
It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure.
Mount Vesuvius is best known for its eruption in AD 79 that led to the burying and destruction of the Roman antique cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and several other settlements. That eruption ejected a cloud of stones, ash, and fumes to a height of 33 km (20.5 mi), spewing molten rock and pulverized pumice at the rate of 1.5 million tons per second, ultimately releasing a hundred thousand times the thermal energy released by the Hiroshima bombing. At least 1,000 people died in the eruption. The only surviving eyewitness account of the event consists of two letters by Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus.
Vesuvius has erupted many times since and is the only volcano on the European mainland to have erupted within the last hundred years. Nowadays, it is regarded as one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world because of the population of 3,000,000 people living nearby and its tendency towards explosive eruptions (said Plinian eruptions). It is the most densely populated volcanic region in the world.
Vesuvius was formed as a result of the collision of two tectonic plates, the African and the Eurasian. The former was subducted beneath the latter, deeper into the earth. As the water-saturated sediments of the oceanic African plate were pushed to hotter depths in the earth, the water boiled off and caused the melting point of the upper mantle to drop enough to create partial melting of the rocks. Because magma is less dense than the solid rock around it, it was pushed upward. Finding a weak place at the Earth's surface it broke through, producing the volcano.
The area around Vesuvius was officially declared a national park on June 5, 1995. The summit of Vesuvius is open to visitors and there is a small network of paths around the mountain that are maintained by the park authorities on weekends.


The painter
Albert Marquet was a French painter, associated with the Fauvist movement. He initially became one of the Fauve painters and a lifelong friend of Henri Matisse. In 1890 Marquet moved to Paris to attend the Ecole des Arts Decoratifs, where he met Henri Matisse. They were roommates for a time, and they influenced each other's work. Marquet began studies in 1892 at the École des Beaux-Arts de Paris under Gustave Moreau, the famous symbolist artist. In 1905 he exhibited at the Salon d'Automne. Dismayed by the intense coloration in these paintings, critics reacted by naming the artists the "Fauves", i.e. the wild beasts. Although Marquet painted with the fauves for years, he used less bright and violent colours than the others, and emphasized less intense tones made by mixing complementaries, thus always as colors and never as grays.
From 1907 to his death, Marquet alternated between working in his studio in Paris (a city he painted a lot of times) and many parts of the European coast and in North Africa. He was most involved with Algeria and Algiers and Tunisia. He remained also impressed particularly with Naples and Venice where he painted the sea and boats, accenting the light over water. During his voyages to Germany and Sweden he painted the subjects he usually preferred: river and sea views, ports and ships, but also cityscapes.
Matisse said : "When I look at Hokusai, I think of Marquet—and vice versa ... I don't mean imitation of Hokusai, I mean similarity with him".

___________________________________________
2020 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau

CAP CANAILLE PAINTED BY HENRI MANGUIN

HENRI MANGUIN  (1874-1949)
Cap Canaille (394 m -1292, 65 ft)

France

 In  Aloés en fleurs, Cassis, oil on panel, 1912, Private owner

The mountain

Cap Canaille (394m) is a cape in France located in the the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region with a culminating point called " La Grande Tête"  (The great Head). It is located near the city of Cassis, north-west of La Ciotat. Its red rock is composed of detritic limestones. Going into the Mediterranean Sea, it consists of rocky and steep banks dominated by the western extremity of the Soubeyranes cliffs. The latter are, after the Slieve League in Ireland, one of the highest maritime cliffs in Europe and constitute, in La Ciotat, the highest cliffs in France with a maximum altitude of 394 meters. A road, the D141 called "Route des Crêtes", connects Cassis to La Ciotat by approaching the edge of the cliff.  Several gazebos are set up there with a spectacular view on the French Riviera and the sea. Cap Canaille is well known for having inspired a lot of painters of the end of 19th century and beginning of 20th. Its name is due to a distortion of the Provençal langage  Cap Naio  "Cap Naille" in French, meaning "Swimming mountain " or a distorsion of the roman latin name Mons Canalis meaning " Mountain  of Aqueducts".

The painter 

The French painter Henri-Charles Manguin although often considered a precursor of  Fauvism in 1905, is not very well konwn. Studying at  Gustave Moreau's studio at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, he befriends Albert Marquet, Henri Matisse and Georges Rouault. In 1902, he participated for the first time in the Salon des Independants. In 1904, he discovered the small fishing port of Saint-Tropez in the south of France and got in touch with Paul Signac. He exhibited at the Salon d'Automne, in the United States and at the Venice Biennale. 

Ambroise Vollard buys him 150 paintings.

 In 1924, he participated in the project of the future Annonciade Museum in Saint-Tropez. In 1938, the Druet Gallery closed, his son bought the unsold ones: Manguin destroyed eight paintings, then exhibited all over the world.  In 1942, he rented a workshop in Avignon. Henri Manguin dies in his house of Oustalet in Saint-Tropez on September 25, 1949. The Salon organizes a posthumous retrospective of his works in 1950.

_______________________________

2018 - Wandering Vertexes...

by Francis Rousseau 

THE MONT BLANC BY ALBERT MARQUET

ALBERT MARQUET (1875–1947)

The Mont Blanc (4,808 m - 15,776 ft)

  France - Italy  border

 In Le Lac Léman, Le mont Blanc, oil on canvas 

The mountain 

Mont Blanc (in French) or Monte Bianco (in Italian), both meaning "White Mountain", is the highest mountain in the Alps and the highest in Europe after the Caucasus peaks. It rises 4,808.73 m (15,777 ft) above sea level and is ranked 11th in the world in topographic prominence.  The Mont Blanc is one of the Seven Summit, which includes the highest mountains of each of the seven continents. Summiting all of them is regarded as a mountaineering challenge, first achieved on April 30, 1985 by Richard Bass.  The 7 highest summit, (which are obviously 8 with 2 in Europe !) are :  

Mount Everest (8,848m), Aconcagua (6,961m), Mt Denali or Mc Kinley (6,194m),  Kilimandjaro (5,895m), Mt Elbrus (5,642m), Mount Vinson (4,892m) and Mount Kosciuszko  (2,228m) in Australia.

The mountain lies in a range called the Graian Alps, between the regions of Aosta Valley, Italy, and Savoie and Haute-Savoie, France. The location of the summit is on the watershed line between the valleys of Ferret and Veny in Italy and the valleys of Montjoie, and Arve in France. The Mont Blanc massif is popular for mountaineering, hiking, skiing, and snowboarding.

The three towns and their communes which surround Mont Blanc are Courmayeur in Aosta Valley, Italy, and Saint-Gervais-les-Bains and Chamonix in Haute-Savoie, France.  A cable car ascends and crosses the mountain range from Courmayeur to Chamonix, through the Col du Géant. Constructed beginning in 1957 and completed in 1965, the 11.6 km (7¼ mi) Mont Blanc Tunnel runs beneath the mountain between these two countries and is one of the major trans-Alpine transport routes.

Since the French Revolution, the issue of the ownership of the summit has been debated. 

From 1416 to 1792, the entire mountain was within the Duchy of Savoy. In 1723 the Duke of Savoy, Victor Amadeus II, acquired the Kingdom of Sardinia. The resulting state of Sardinia was to become preeminent in the Italian unification.[ In September 1792, the French revolutionary Army of the Alps under Anne-Pierre de Montesquiou-Fézensac seized Savoy without much resistance and created a department of the Mont-Blanc. In a treaty of 15 May 1796, Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia was forced to cede Savoy and Nice to France. In article 4 of this treaty it says: "The border between the Sardinian kingdom and the departments of the French Republic will be established on a line determined by the most advanced points on the Piedmont side, of the summits, peaks of mountains and other locations subsequently mentioned, as well as the intermediary peaks, knowing: starting from the point where the borders of Faucigny, the Duchy of Aoust and the Valais, to the extremity of the glaciers or Monts-Maudits: first the peaks or plateaus of the Alps, to the rising edge of the Col-Mayor". This act further states that the border should be visible from the town of Chamonix and Courmayeur. However, neither the peak of the Mont Blanc is visible from Courmayeur nor the peak of the Mont Blanc de Courmayeur is visible from Chamonix because part of the mountains lower down obscure them. A Sardinian Atlas map of 1869 showing the summit lying two thirds in Italy and one third in France.

After the Napoleonic Wars, the Congress of Vienna restored the King of Sardinia in Savoy, Nice and Piedmont, his traditional territories, overruling the 1796 Treaty of Paris. Forty-five years later, after the Second Italian War of Independence, it was replaced by a new legal act. This act was signed in Turin on 24 March 1860 by Napoleon III and Victor Emmanuel II of Savoy, and deals with the annexation of Savoy (following the French neutrality for the plebiscites held in Tuscany and Emilia-Romagna to join the Kingdom of Sardinia, against the Pope's will). A demarcation agreement, signed on 7 March 1861, defines the new border. With the formation of Italy, for the first time Mont Blanc is located on the border of France and Italy.

The 1860 act and attached maps are still legally valid for both the French and Italian governments. One of the prints from the 1823 Sarde Atlas  positions the border exactly on the summit edge of the mountain (and measures it to be 4,804 m (15,761 ft) high). The convention of 7 March 1861 recognises this through an attached map, taking into consideration the limits of the massif, and drawing the border on the icecap of Mont Blanc, making it both French and Italian.Watershed analysis of modern topographic mapping not only places the main summit on the border, but also suggests that the border should follow a line northwards from the main summit towards Mont Maudit, leaving the southeast ridge to Mont Blanc de Courmayeur wholly within Italy.

Although the Franco-Italian border was redefined in both 1947 and 1963, the commission made up of both Italians and French ignored the Mont Blanc issue. In the early 21st century, administration of the mountain is shared between the Italian town of Courmayeur and the French town of Saint-Gervais-les-Bains, although the larger part of the mountain lies within the commune of the latter.

The painter 
Albert Marquet was a French painter, associated with the Fauvist movement. He initially became one of the Fauve painters and a lifelong friend of Henri Matisse. In 1890 Marquet moved to Paris to attend the Ecole des Arts Decoratifs, where he met Henri Matisse. They were roommates for a time, and they influenced each other's work. Marquet began studies in 1892 at the École des Beaux-Arts de Paris under Gustave Moreau, the famous symbolist artist. In 1905 he exhibited at the Salon d'Automne. Dismayed by the intense coloration in these paintings, critics reacted by naming the artists the "Fauves", i.e. the wild beasts. Although Marquet painted with the fauves for years, he used less bright and violent colours than the others, and emphasized less intense tones made by mixing complementaries, thus always as colors and never as grays.
Marquet subsequently painted in a more naturalistic style, primarily landscapes, but also several portraits and, between 1910 and 1914, several female nude paintings.
From 1907 to his death, Marquet alternated between working in his studio in Paris (a city he painted a lot of times) and many parts of the European coast and in North Africa. He was most involved with Algeria and Algiers and with Tunisia. He remained also impressed particularly with Naples and Venice where he painted the sea and boats, accenting the light over water.  During his voyages to Germany and Sweden he painted the subjects he usually preferred: river and sea views, ports and ships, but also cityscapes.
The watercolor of Pyrenees (above) is a rare example of Marquet painting mountains, which was not his favorite subject.
Marquet was particularly revered by the American painters Leland Bell and his wife Louisa Matthiasdottir. He was also revered by Bell's contemporaries Al Kresch and Gabriel Laderman. Since both Bell and Laderman were teachers in several American art schools, they have had an influence on younger American figurative artists and their appreciation of Marquet. Matisse said ; "When I look at Hokusai, I think of Marquet—and vice versa ... I don't mean imitation of Hokusai, I mean similarity with him".
___________________________________________
2018 - Wandering Vertexes...

by Francis Rousseau 

LE MOINE OU ROCHER DU CAPUCIN PEINT PAR GEORGE BRAQUE

GEORGES BRAQUE (1882-1963)
Le Moine ou Rocher du Capucin (155m)
France (Bouches du Rhône)

In La Ciotat - La Calanque de Figuerolles, huile sur toile,1907

Le relief
Appelé aussi La Tête de Chien, ce rocher très reconnaissable par sa taille et sa forme au bord de la Méditerrannée dans la commune de La Ciotat, surplombant la plage de la Calanqe de Figuerolles,site classé du Parc Naturel des Calanques. La matière caractéristique qui le compose, appelée "Poudingue" est faite de galets agglomérés les uns sur les autres et ce jusqu'au plus haut des falaises. Son voisin Le Bec de l'Aigle  fait face à l'île Verte et surplombe le très beau parc du Mugel.  En période estivale, l'accès est conditionné aux horaires d'ouverture du parc du Mugel et aux conditions générales d'accès aux massifs forestiers du secteur du Cap Canaille.

Le Peintre
Georges Braque, est un peintre, sculpteur et graveur français. D'abord engagé dans le sillage des Fauves, influencé par Henri Matisse, André Derain et Othon Friesz, il aboutit, à l'été 1907 aux paysages de l'Estaque avec des maisons en forme de cubes que Matisse qualifie de « cubistes », particulièrement typées dans le tableau Maisons à l'Estaque. C'est en étudiant méthodiquement, dès 1906, les lignes de contour de Paul Cézanne, que Braque a abouti progressivement à des compositions qui utilisent de légères interruptions dans les lignes, comme dans Nature morte aux pichets. Puis avec une série de nus comme le Nu debout, et Le Grand Nu, il s'oriente, après 1908, vers une rupture avec la vision classique, l'éclatement des volumes, une période communément appelée cubiste, qui dure de 1911 jusqu'en 1914. Il utilise alors des formes géométriques principalement pour des natures mortes, introduit les lettres au pochoir dans ses tableaux, invente des papiers collés. En véritable « penseur » du cubisme, il élabore des lois de la perspective et de la couleur. Il invente aussi les sculptures en papier en 1912, toutes disparues, dont il ne subsiste qu'une photographie d'un contre-relief. Mobilisé pour la Grande Guerre où il est grièvement blessé, le peintre abandonne les formes géométriques pour des natures mortes où les objets sont dans des plans recomposés. Pendant la période suivante qui va jusqu'aux années 1930, il produit des paysages, des figures humaines et, malgré la diversité des sujets, son œuvre est « d'une remarquable cohérence. Braque à la fois précurseur et dépositaire de la tradition classique est le peintre français par excellence ». Le Cahier de Georges Braque, 1917-1947, publié en 1948, résume sa position. La Seconde Guerre mondiale lui a inspiré ses œuvres les plus graves : Le Chaudron et La Table de cuisine. La paix revenue et la fin de sa maladie lui ont inspiré les œuvres plus approfondies, tels les Ateliers, qu'il élabore souvent pendant plusieurs années, poursuivant six ébauches à la fois ainsi qu'en témoigne Jean Paulhan. Ses tableaux les plus connus sont aussi les plus poétiques : la série des Oiseaux, dont deux exemplaires ornent le plafond de la salle Henri-II du musée du Louvre, depuis 1953. Il a aussi créé des sculptures, des vitraux, des dessins de bijoux, mais à partir de 1959, atteint d'un cancer, il ralentit son rythme de travail. Son dernier grand tableau est La Sarcleuse. Deux ans avant sa mort, en 1961, une rétrospective de ses œuvres intitulée L'Atelier de Braque a lieu au musée du Louvre, Braque devient ainsi le premier peintre à être exposé dans ce lieu de son vivant. Homme discret, peu porté sur les relations publiques, Braque était un intellectuel féru de musique et de poésie, ami notamment d'Erik Satie, de René Char, d'Alberto Giacometti. Il s'est éteint le 31 août 1963 à Paris. Des obsèques nationales ont été organisées en son honneur, au cours desquelles André Malraux a prononcé un discours. 

 ________________________________________

2023 - Wandering Vertexes ....
Gravir les montagnes en peinture...
Un blog de Francis Rousseau 

 

LES FALAISES SOUBEYRANES PEINTES PAR GEORGES BRAQUE

 

GEORGES BRAQUE (1882-1963)
Falaises Soubeyranes (394m)
France

In Montagnes à la Ciotat, 1907, Centre Georges Pompidou

Le relief
Les Falaises Soubeyranes (394m) (du provençal sobeiranas, « souveraines ») se situent sur le littoral méditerranéen des Bouches-du-Rhône, entre Cassis et La Ciotat. Elles sont intégrées dans le parc national des Calanques.
Elles sont formées par le tombant à la mer, sur un peu plus de 4 kilomètres, du plateau de Soubeyran ou massif de la Canaille. Au nord, la façade s'avançant vers l'ouest constitue le Cap Canaille (altitude maximum 363 mètres sur la commune de Cassis), l'extrémité sud étant matérialisée par le sémaphore du Bec de l'Aigle, à 313 mètres d'altitude.
Le point le plus élevé des falaises, à 394 mètres, est situé sur la commune de La Ciotat, au sud-ouest du Bau Rous (328 mètres), sommet isolé en retrait de la ligne de crête. Il constitue ainsi la plus haute falaise maritime de France.
Au nord des Falaises Soubeyranes proprement dites, au-delà du Pas de la Colle (littéralement col de la colline), qui s'abaisse à 214 mètres, d'autres falaises rocheuses prolongent ce relief au-dessus du vallon de Cassis : le Baou de la Saoupe (342 mètres) et la Couronne de Charlemagne (329 mètres). Au sud, la ligne de crête s'abaisse en s'éloignant du bord de mer, mais le relief de la côte reste abrupt, notamment autour de la calanque de Figuerolles, et sur la presqu'île du Bec de l'Aigle. Sculptée par l'érosion éolienne, la falaise est constituée de calcaire, de grès et de poudingue, cette grande variété de couches de roches et la présence de fossiles font de l'endroit un haut-lieu de la minéralogie.

L'artiste
Georges Braque,  est un peintre, sculpteur et graveur français.
D'abord engagé dans le sillage des fauves, influencé par Henri Matisse, André Derain et Othon Friesz, il aboutit, à l'été 1907 aux paysages de l'Estaque avec des maisons en forme de cubes que Matisse qualifie de « cubistes », particulièrement typées dans le tableau Maisons à l'Estaque. Cette simplification est censée être la marque du cubisme, dont l'origine reste controversée
C'est en étudiant méthodiquement, dès 1906, les lignes de contour de Paul Cézanne, que Braque a abouti progressivement à des compositions qui utilisent de légères interruptions dans les lignes, comme dans Nature morte aux pichets. Puis avec une série de nus comme le Nu debout, et Le Grand Nu, il s'oriente, après 1908, vers une rupture avec la vision classique, l'éclatement des volumes, une période communément appelée cubiste, qui dure de 1911 jusqu'en 1914. Il utilise alors des formes géométriques principalement pour des natures mortes, introduit les lettres au pochoir dans ses tableaux, invente des papiers collés. En véritable « penseur » du cubisme, il élabore des lois de la perspective et de la couleur. Il invente aussi les sculptures en papier en 1912, toutes disparues, dont il ne subsiste qu'une photographie d'un contre-relief.
Mobilisé pour la Grande Guerre où il est grièvement blessé, le peintre abandonne les formes géométriques pour des natures mortes où les objets sont dans des plans recomposés. Pendant la période suivante qui va jusqu'aux années 1930, il produit des paysages, des figures humaines et, malgré la diversité des sujets, son œuvre est « d'une remarquable cohérence. Braque à la fois précurseur et dépositaire de la tradition classique est le peintre français par excellence ». Le Cahier de Georges Braque, 1917-1947, publié en 1948, résume sa position.
La Seconde Guerre mondiale lui a inspiré ses œuvres les plus graves : Le Chaudron et La Table de cuisine. La paix revenue et la fin de sa maladie lui ont inspiré les œuvres plus approfondies, tels les Ateliers, qu'il élabore souvent pendant plusieurs années, poursuivant six ébauches à la fois ainsi qu'en témoigne Jean Paulhan. Ses tableaux les plus connus sont aussi les plus poétiques : la série des Oiseaux, dont deux exemplaires ornent le plafond de la salle Henri-II du musée du Louvre, depuis 1953. Il a aussi créé des sculptures, des vitraux, des dessins de bijoux, mais à partir de 1959, atteint d'un cancer, il ralentit son rythme de travail. Son dernier grand tableau est La Sarcleuse.
Deux ans avant sa mort, en 1961, une rétrospective de ses œuvres intitulée L'Atelier de Braque a lieu au musée du Louvre, Braque devient ainsi le premier peintre à être exposé dans ce lieu de son vivant.
Homme discret, peu porté sur les relations publiques, Braque était un intellectuel féru de musique et de poésie, ami notamment d'Erik Satie, de René Char, d'Alberto Giacometti. Il s'est éteint le 31 août 1963 à Paris. Des obsèques nationales ont été organisées en son honneur, au cours desquelles André Malraux a prononcé un discours.

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2024 - Wandering Vertexes ....
Gravir les montagnes en peinture
Un blog de Francis Rousseau 
 

MOUNT OROHENA PAINTED BY PAUL GAUGUIN

PAUL GAUGUIN  (1848-1903)

Mount Orohena  (2,241m -7,352 ft)

French Polynesia (Tahiti)

In Les Montagnes Tahitiennes, 1893, oil on canvas 

The mountain 

Mont Orohena  (2,241m- 7,352 ft) is a extinct volcano located in the South Pacific, on the island of Tahiti (French Polynesia).  It is the highest point of the french Polynesia and listed as an  "Ultra proeminent peak".  The first ascent of Orehana was made September 28, 1953 by Alphonse and Charles Hollande, Tiaore and Varuamana. Although his height is in the moderately difficult ascents, climb the Orohena remains a real challenge. The difficulties are related both to the climate, the terrain, the significant and rapid vertical drop, the Shape of the summit, to the heavy load that should carry on his back during the ascent. First thing to know in Tahiti: the trails are not maintained, and the dangers are many.  It is imperative to check the weather before you start to climb, the weather changes very quickly on Orohena and rainstorms can be a nightmare !!! Second thing to know: it takes the cold night on the Orohena.

The painter 
Eugène Henri Paul Gauguin (was a French post-Impressionist artist. Under appreciated until after his death, Gauguin is now recognized for his experimental use of color and synthetist style that were distinctly different from Impressionism. His work was influential to the French avant-garde and many modern artists, such as Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse. Gauguin's art became popular after his death, partially from the efforts of art dealer Ambroise Vollard, who organized exhibitions of his work late in his career, as well as assisting in organizing two important posthumous exhibitions in Paris. Many of his paintings were in the possession of Russian collector Sergei Shchukin as well as other important collections.
After a first voyage in 1850,  Gauguin set out for Tahiti again on 28 June 1895. His return is characterised by Thomson as an essentially negative one, his disillusionment with the Paris art scene compounded by two attacks on him in the same issue of Mercure de France; one by Emile Bernard, the other by Camille Mauclair. 

He arrived in September 1895 and was to spend the next six years living, for the most part, an apparently comfortable life as an artist-colon near, or at times in, Papeete. During this time he was able to support himself with an increasingly steady stream of sales and the support of friends and well-wishers, though there was a period of time 1898–1899 when he felt compelled to take a desk job in Papeete, of which there is not much record. 

His health took a decided turn for the worse and he was hospitalised several times for a variety of ailments. While he was in France, he had his ankle shattered in a drunken brawl on a seaside visit to Concarneau. The injury, an open fracture, never healed properly. Now painful and debilitating sores that restricted his movement were erupting up and down his legs. These were treated with arsenic. Gauguin blamed the tropical climate and described the sores as "eczema", but his biographers agree this must have been the progress of syphilis.

CAP CANAILLE PAINTED BY PAUL SIGNAC

PAUL SIGNAC (1863-1935

Cap Canaille (394 m -1292, 65 ft)

France

The mountain

Cap Canaille (394m) is a cape in France located in the the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region with a culminating point called " La Grande Tête"  (The great Head). It is located in the city of Cassis, north-west of La Ciotat. Its red rock is composed of detritic limestones. Going into the Mediterranean Sea, it consists of rocky and steep banks dominated by the western extremity of the Soubeyranes cliffs. The latter are, after the Slieve League in Ireland, one of the highest maritime cliffs in Europe and constitute, in La Ciotat, the highest cliffs in France with a maximum altitude of 394 meters. A road, the D141 called "Route des Crêtes", connects Cassis to La Ciotat by approaching the edge of the cliff.  Several gazebos are set up there with a spectacular view on the French Riviera and the sea. Cap Canaille is well known for having inspired a lot of painters of the end of 19th century and beginning of 20th. Its name is due to a distortion of the Provençal langage  Cap Naio  "Cap Naille" in French, meaning "Swimming mountain " or a distorsion of the roman latin name Mons Canalis meaning " Mountain  of Aqueducts".

The painter 

Paul Victor Jules Signac was a French Neo-Impressionist painter who, working with Georges Seurat, helped develop the Pointillist style. In 1884 he met Claude Monet and Georges Seurat. He was struck by the systematic working methods of Seurat and by his theory of colors and became Seurat's faithful supporter, friend and heir with his description of Neo-Impressionism and Divisionism method. Under Seurat's influence he abandoned the short brushstrokes of Impressionism to experiment with scientifically juxtaposed small dots of pure color, intended to combine and blend not on the canvas but in the viewer's eye, the defining feature of Pointillism. Many of Signac's paintings are of the French coast. He loved to paint the water. He left the capital each summer, to stay in the south of France in the village of Collioure or at St. Tropez, where he bought a house and invited his friends.

Paul Signac, Albert Dubois-Pillet, Odilon Redon and Georges Seurat were among the founders of the Société des Artistes Indépendants. The association began in Paris 29 July 1884 with the organization of massive exhibitions, with the device "No jury nor awards". "The purpose of Société des Artistes Indépendants—based on the principle of abolishing admission jury—is to allow the artists to present their works to public judgement with complete freedom". For the following three decades their annual exhibitions set the trends in art of the early 20th century.

Signac himself experimented with various media. As well as oil paintings and watercolors he made etchings, lithographs, and many pen-and-ink sketches composed of small, laborious dots. The Neo-Impressionists influenced the next generation: Signac inspired Henri Matisse and André Derain in particular, thus playing a decisive role in the evolution of Fauvism.

As president of the Société des Artistes Indépendants from 1908 until his death, Signac encouraged younger artists (he was the first to buy a painting by Matisse) by exhibiting the controversial works of the Fauves and the Cubists.