HIPPOLYTE GARNIER (1802-1855)
Mount Jefferson (1,741m- 5,712ft)
United States of America (New Hampshire)
1. Seen from Mount Washington after William Bartlett engraving, 1838
The mountain
There are 13 mountains in USA called Mont Jefferson or Jefferson Mountain ! This a way to pay tribute to Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826), american Founding Father, the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776) and the Third President elected (1801-1809).
Two Mount Jefferson are located in Virginia, and others all over the country: in South Carolina, North Carolina, Oregon, New York, Nevada, Montana, Maine, Massachusetts, Idaho, Arkansas and New Hampshire.
The mount Jefferson (1,741 m- 5,712 ft) shown here is located in New Hampshire (Coos County) and is the third highest mountain in the state. It is is part of the Presidential Range of the White Mountains. Mount Jefferson is flanked by Mount Adams (to the northeast) and Mount Clay (to the south).
The mountain has several interesting features, making it a popular hike. Two distinct ridges lead to its summit: Ridge of the Caps and Castle Ridge. The mountain is surrounded by the three dramatic glacial cirques of Jefferson Ravine, Castle Ravine, and the Great Gulf. Finally, Monticello Lawn is a large expanse of alpine sedge and rush near the otherwise talus-covered summit cone. When viewed from the Mount Washington Auto Road, Jefferson features an arrow-shaped bald patch pointing to its summit.
Mount Jefferson has a direct ascent along the Caps Ridge Trail, whose base, Jefferson Notch, is the highest point of any public road in New Hampshire at 3,009 feet (917 m). This route, gaining only 2,700 feet (823 m) vertically to the summit, results in it having the least distance of ascent of any Presidential mountain (about 2.5 miles). However, climbing over the "caps" involves some exposed scrambling and can be steep and challenging at times.
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The painter
Hippolyte-Louis Garnier is a french painter and most famous engraver in his country. He is the co-founder with his brother Auguste, of the "Editions Garnier Frères" (sometimes "Garnier et Frères", or simply 'Editions Garnier ", later "Garnier Flammarion"), a company which lasted from 1833 to 1983. Hu opened as well a famous bookstore in Paris.
As a well known engraver, Hippolyte Garnier - who had never been to America - came into contact in 1838 with Victor Grailly (1804-1889) who made many copies of American landscapes by William Bartlett "in the manner of" masters Dutch as Ruysdael. Thus he engraved this view of Mount Jefferson, selected primarily for his journalistic interest and aesthetic qualities of materials exploration of the planet.
In 1847-48, The Editions Garnier begins editing the "Dictionnaire national" (of the french langage) Louis-Nicolas Bescherelle, first with Simon Editor, then alone. In 1893, The Garnier brothers launched their famous "Classiques jaunes Garnier", the first works with critical apparatus at low price that will experience a huge success. Nearly a century later, in 1983, the publishing house Editions Garnier closes, the fund being taken by the Presses de la Cité.
