MONT TACOMA / RAINIER PEINT PAR ABBY WILLIAMS HILL

 

 

 

 

ABBY WILLIAMS HILL (1861-1943),

Mount Tacoma / Mount Rainier (4,392 m-) 

Etats Unis d'Amérique (Washington State)

 

in Mount Rainier from Washington Island , 1904, University of Puget Sound

La montagne 
Le mont Rainier, ou mont Tacoma, ou mont Tahoma (4 392 m) est le plus haut sommet de la chaîne des Cascades, dans le Nord-Ouest Pacifique, et le plus haut sommet de l'État de Washington, aux États-Unis. C'est un important stratovolcan actif situé à 87 km au sud-sud-est de Seattle. C'est la montagne la plus importante des États-Unis contigus et de l'arc volcanique des Cascades.
Le mont Rainier était initialement connu par les Amérindiens sous le nom de Talol, Tacoma ou Tahoma. Une hypothèse sur l'origine du mot est « mère des eaux » en langue lushootseed parlée par le peuple Puyallup. Une autre hypothèse est que « Tacoma » signifie « plus grand que le mont Baker » en lushootseed : « Ta », plus grand, plus « Koma », mont Baker. Parmi les autres noms utilisés à l'origine, on trouve Tahoma, Tacobeh et Pooskaus. Le nom actuel lui a été donné par George Vancouver, en l'honneur de son ami, le contre-amiral Peter Rainier. La carte de l'expédition Lewis et Clark de 1804-1806 le désigne sous le nom de « mont Regnière ».
Avec 26 glaciers majeurs et 93 km² de névés et glaciers permanents, le mont Rainier est le sommet le plus englacé des 48 États contigus. Il est surmonté de deux cratères volcaniques de plus de 300 m de diamètre chacun, le plus grand, à l'est, chevauchant le cratère ouest. La chaleur géothermique du volcan maintient des zones des deux bords du cratère exemptes de neige et de glace, et a formé le plus grand réseau de grottes glaciaires volcaniques au monde au sein de cratères remplis de glace, avec près de 3,2 km de galeries. Un petit lac de cratère d'environ 39,6 m sur 9,1 m et 5 m de profondeur, le plus haut d'Amérique du Nord avec une altitude de surface de 4 329 m, occupe la partie la plus basse du cratère ouest, sous plus de 30 m de glace, et n'est accessible que par les grottes. Les rivières Carbon, Puyallup, Mowich, Nisqually et Cowlitz prennent leur source sur les glaciers éponymes du mont Rainier. La rivière White prend sa source dans les glaciers Winthrop, Emmons et Fryingpan. Les rivières White, Carbon et Mowich rejoignent la rivière Puyallup, qui se déverse dans la baie Commencement à Tacoma ; la Nisqually se jette dans le Puget Sound à l'est de Lacey ; et la Cowlitz rejoint le fleuve Columbia entre Kelso et Longview. Le Peintre

La peintre
Abby Williams Hill était une peintre américaine de plein air, surtout connue pour ses paysages de l'Ouest américain. Elle défendit également les droits des enfants, participa au Congrès des Mères de 1905 à Washington D.C. et fonda l'Association des parents d'élèves de l'État de Washington.
Au début des années 1900, la Great Northern Railway et la Northern Pacific Railway lui commandèrent des paysages du nord-ouest des États-Unis pour promouvoir le tourisme. La commande exigeait qu'elle réalise 22 tableaux en seulement 18 semaines, et qu'elle les réalise en plein air. Accompagnée de ses quatre enfants, Abby Hill effectua de longs séjours en camping pour peindre des paysages dans des endroits comme les parcs nationaux de Yosemite et de Yellowstone. Ses œuvres furent exposées à l'Exposition universelle de 1904 à Saint-Louis et à l'Exposition du centenaire Lewis & Clark de 1905 à Portland. Au cours de sa carrière, Abby Hill atteignit son objectif : peindre dans tous les parcs nationaux de l'Ouest américain.
Son mari, frappé d'une dépression psychotique en 1911, déménagea alors avec sa famille dans la petite communauté isolée de Laguna Beach, en Californie, profitant du climat doux et ensoleillé.
Abby Hill fut l'une des nombreuses artistes américaines du début du XXe siècle à construire des ateliers à Laguna Beach et à transformer la ville en une communauté artistique. Elle devint membre fondatrice de la Laguna Beach Art Association.
Après le décès de son mari en 1938, Abby Hill resta alitée. Elle mourut à Laguna Beach en 1943.
Une collection permanente de ses œuvres et documents est conservée à l'Université de Puget Sound.

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2025 - Gravir les montagnes en peinture
Un blog de Francis Rousseau

 

EAGLE PEAK BY ABBY WILLIAMS HILL

ABBY WILLIAMS HILL (1861-1943)

Eagle Peak (2,372 m - 7,783ft) 

United States of America  

 In  Eagle Peak, Yosemite park, oil on canvas,  University of Puget Sound 

The peak
Eagle Peak is the highest of the Three Brothers (Eagle Peak  the uppermost "brother"-,  Middle and Lower Brothers), a rock formation, above Yosemite Valley in California.
Eagle peak is an independent peak is located just east of El Capitan. John Muir considered the view from the summit to be "most comprehensive of all the views" available from the north wall.
Eagle Peak can be reached by following the Upper Yosemite Falls and Eagle Peak trails. The hike is 6.0 miles (9.7 km) one way with a climb of over 3,500 feet (1,100 m). The trailhead is at Camp 4 near Yosemite Village. It passes near Yosemite Falls and affords many views of the valley.
The peak can also be reached form the Tamarack Flat Campground located off the Tioga Pass Road. The hike, which follows the El Capitan trail most of the way, is 7.7 miles (12.4 km)  but the trailhead is at about 6,400 feet (2,000 m). Another route starts at Yosemite Creek Campground at an elevation of 7,200 feet (2,200 m). This trailhead is at the end of a very rough, single lane, 4-mile (6.4 km) road.

The Painter 
Abby Williams Hill was an American plein-air painter most known for her landscapes of the American West. Hill also advocated for children's rights, attended the 1905 Congress of Mothers in Washington, D.C., and founded the Washington (state) Parent-Teacher Association.
In the early 1900s, the Great Northern Railway and the Northern Pacific Railway commissioned Hill to paint landscapes of the northwestern United States to promote tourism. The commission required that Hill produce 22 paintings in just 18 weeks, and that she produce them en plein air.  Accompanied by her four children, Abby Hill took prolonged camping trips for the purpose of painting scenery in places such as Yosemite National Park and Yellowstone National Park.  Her works were exhibited at the 1904 World's Fair in St. Louis and the 1905 Lewis & Clark Centennial Exposition in Portland. Over the course of her career, Hill achieved her goal of painting in every national park in the Western United States.
Her husband became incapacitated by psychotic depression in 1911, so the family moved to the small isolated community of Laguna Beach, California, for the benefit of the mild, sunny climate.
Abby Hill was one of several early-20th-century American artists who built studios in Laguna Beach and transformed it into an artist community. She became a founding member of the Laguna Beach Art Association.
Following the death of her husband in 1938, Abby Hill became bedridden. She died in Laguna Beach in 1943.
A permanent collection of her works and papers is held by the University of Puget Sound.

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2019 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau 

MOUNT TACOMA/ MOUNT RAINIER BY ABBY WILLIAMS HILL

ABBY WILLIAMS HILL (1861-1943) 

Mount Tacoma / Mount Rainier (4,392 m-14,411 ft)

United States of America  (Washington State)

In Mount Rainier from Eunice Lake, 1904, University of Puget Sound 

The mountain
Mount Rainier,  Mount Tacoma, or Mount Tahoma (4,392 m-14,411 ft) is the highest mountain of the Cascade Range of the Pacific Northwest, and the highest mountain in the U.S. state of Washington. It is a large active stratovolcano located 54 miles (87 km) south-southeast of Seattle. It is the most topographically prominent mountain in the contiguous United States and the Cascade Volcanic Arc.
Mount Rainier was first known by the Native Americans as Talol, or Tacoma or Tahoma. One hypothesis of the word origin is  ("mother of waters"), in the Lushootseed language spoken by the Puyallup people. Another hypothesis is that "Tacoma" means "larger than Mount Baker" in Lushootseed: "Ta", larger, plus "Koma", Mount Baker. Other names originally used include Tahoma, Tacobeh, and Pooskaus.
The current name was given by George Vancouver, who named it in honor of his friend, Rear Admiral Peter Rainier. The map of the Lewis and Clark expedition of 1804-1806 refers to it as "Mt. Regniere".
With 26 major glaciers and 36 sq mi (93 km2) of permanent snowfields and glaciers, Mount Rainier is the most heavily glaciated peak in the lower 48 states. The summit is topped by two volcanic craters, each more than 1,000 ft (300 m) in diameter, with the larger east crater overlapping the west crater. Geothermal heat from the volcano keeps areas of both crater rims free of snow and ice, and has formed the world's largest volcanic glacier cave network within the ice-filled craters, with nearly 2 mi (3.2 km) of passages. A small crater lake about 130 by 30 ft (39.6 by 9.1 m) in size and 16 ft (5 m) deep, the highest in North America with a surface elevation of 14,203 ft (4,329 m), occupies the lowest portion of the west crater below more than 100 ft (30 m) of ice and is accessible only via the caves. The Carbon, Puyallup, Mowich, Nisqually, and Cowlitz Rivers begin at eponymous glaciers of Mount Rainier. The sources of the White River are Winthrop, Emmons, and Fryingpan Glaciers. The White, Carbon, and Mowich join the Puyallup River, which discharges into Commencement Bay at Tacoma; the Nisqually empties into Puget Sound east of Lacey; and the Cowlitz joins the Columbia River between Kelso and Longview.

The Painter 
Abby Williams Hill was an American plein-air painter most known for her landscapes of the American West. Hill also advocated for children's rights, attended the 1905 Congress of Mothers in Washington, D.C., and founded the Washington (state) Parent-Teacher Association.
In the early 1900s, the Great Northern Railway and the Northern Pacific Railway commissioned Hill to paint landscapes of the northwestern United States to promote tourism. The commission required that Hill produce 22 paintings in just 18 weeks, and that she produce them en plein air.  Accompanied by her four children, Abby Hill took prolonged camping trips for the purpose of painting scenery in places such as Yosemite National Park and Yellowstone National Park.  Her works were exhibited at the 1904 World's Fair in St. Louis and the 1905 Lewis & Clark Centennial Exposition in Portland. Over the course of her career, Hill achieved her goal of painting in every national park in the Western United States.
Her husband became incapacitated by psychotic depression in 1911, so the family moved to the small isolated community of Laguna Beach, California, for the benefit of the mild, sunny climate.
Abby Hill was one of several early-20th-century American artists who built studios in Laguna Beach and transformed it into an artist community. She became a founding member of the Laguna Beach Art Association.
Following the death of her husband in 1938, Abby Hill became bedridden. She died in Laguna Beach in 1943.
A permanent collection of her works and papers is held by the University of Puget Sound.

___________________________________________
2019 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau