LE SIGNAL DE LA SAUVETTE - MASSIF DES MAURES PAINTED BY DAVID HOCKNEY

 

DAVID HOCKNEY (bn. 1937),
Le Signal de la Sauvette / Massif des Maures (776m - 2,546 ft)
France (Var)

In Portrait of an Artist (Pool with Two Figures), acrylic-on-canvas. 2.1 m × 3.0 m, 1972

About the painting
This very famous painting was done durin summer 1972, by the pool of Tony Richardson's house "Le Nid du Duc"  looking at the Massif des  Maures mountain range, near La Garde-Freinet close to Saint Tropez.

The mountain
The Signal de la Sauvette (776m - 2,546 ft) is the highest point of the Massif des Maures. It is located in the South-East of France, in the Var department, in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region.
The Massif des Maures (in Provençal: lei Mauras or lei Mauro) is a small mountain range in the south of France, located i between Hyères and Fréjus. It is one of the natural regions of France.


The painter
David Hockney (born 9 July 1937) is an English painter, draughtsman, printmaker, stage designer and photographer. An important contributor to the pop art movement of the 1960s, he is considered one of the most influential British artists of the 20th century. At the Royal College of Art, Hockney featured in the exhibition Young Contemporaries—alongside Peter Blake—that announced the arrival of British Pop art. He was associated with the movement, but his early works display expressionist elements, similar to some works by Francis Bacon. When the RCA said it would not let him graduate in 1962, Hockney drew the sketch The Diploma in protest. He had refused to write an essay required for the final examination, saying he should be assessed solely on his artworks. Recognising his talent and growing reputation, the RCA changed its regulations and awarded the diploma. After leaving the RCA, he taught at Maidstone College of Art for a short time.  A visit to California, where he subsequently lived for many years, inspired him to make a series of paintings of swimming pools in the comparatively new acrylic medium rendered in a highly realistic style using vibrant colours. The artist moved to Los Angeles in 1964, returned to London in 1968, and from 1973 to 1975 lived in Paris. Hockney has a home and studio in Kensington, London and two residences in California, where he has lived on and off for over 30 years: one in Nichols Canyon, Los Angeles, and an office and archives on Santa Monica Boulevard in West Hollywood, California. 

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2022 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau

 

GARROWBY HILL PEINT PAR DAVID HOCKNEY

 

DAVID HOCKNEY (bn. 1937)
Bishop Wilton Wod / Garrowby Hill (286 m-807 ft)
Royaume-Uni (Angleterre)

In Carrowby Hill, 1997, huile sur toile,  Boston Museum of Fine Arts

La colline
Bishop Wilton Wodest (286 m-807 ft) le point culminant des Yorkshire Wolds dans l'East Riding of Yorkshire, en Angleterre. Le sommet, connu sous le nom de Garrowby Hill, se trouve à environ huit kilomètres au nord de Pocklington. Comme la plupart des sommets du pays, il est plat et de nature agricole. La route A166 passe juste au sommet.

Le peintre
David Hockney né le 9 Juillet 1937 à Bradford au Royaume-Uni, est un peintre portraitiste et paysagiste, dessinateur, graveur, décorateur, photographe et théoricien de l'art britannique. Il vit et travaille depuis 2019 dans le pays d'Auge, en Normandie. C'est une figure majeure du mouvement pop art des années 1960, et l'un des artistes britanniques les plus influents du 20e siècle. Utilisant des couleurs acidulées et attirantes, David Hockney peint des portraits et des paysages où se mêlent peinture et photographie.  Il est représenté par la Galerie Lelong & Co, et par Pace Gallery.
En 2001, il publie un essai : Savoirs secrets, les techniques perdues des Maîtres anciens, aux éditions du Seuil. Il démontre, par les textes et par les images, l'utilisation d'appareils d'optique par de nombreux peintres depuis le 15e siècle.
En 2006, il complète cet ouvrage par une nouvelle édition. Cette démonstration très détaillée et scolaire a fait réagir et débattre de nombreux peintres et historiens d'art puisqu'elle applique la connaissance historique. C’est en affichant sur le mur de son atelier des photocopies en couleurs des peintures d’avant la Renaissance jusqu’à nos jours, qu’il a vu des différences notables, à partir de certaines époques. En même temps, les dessins de tissus plissés deviennent parfaits, les reflets des armures sont comme des photographies, les personnages qui tiennent une coupe à la main pour boire sont presque tous gauchers. L’utilisation de miroirs est probable. Jan van Eyck sur sa toile « Les Époux Arnolfini » montre un miroir convexe représentant ce que voient les personnages qui nous font face, qu'on ne pourrait pas voir autrement. Plus tard certains peintres, comme Canaletto, ne se cachaient pas d’utiliser la « camera oscura », d’autres ont utilisé des jeux de miroirs ou des miroirs concaves qui projetaient l’image sur la toile à peindre. Ses démonstrations sont fascinantes, notamment celle qu’il réalisa à Florence avec ses assistants pour reproduire la fameuse tablette de Brunelleschi dont on ne connaît que les descriptions posthumes. À l’heure où le soleil éclaire le baptistère devant le Duomo, il a installé un miroir concave à l’ombre du porche qui reproduisait fidèlement l’image du baptistère sur un carton blanc placé devant lui. Comme Brunelleschi lui-même l’avait très probablement fait, en utilisant un miroir pour illustrer l’invention de la perspective.

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2024 - Gravir les montagnes en peinture
Un blog de Francis Rousseau

 

MOUNT FUJI PAINTED BY DAVID HOCKNEY

 

DAVID HOCKNEY (bn. 1937)
Fujiyama / 富士山 (3, 776 m -12,389 ft)
Japan

 In Mount Fuji and Flowers, 1972, acrylic on canvas, 152.4 x 121.9 cm  T

The MET museum (not on view)

About this painting
"After his breakup with Peter Schlesinger in the summer of 1971, Hockney traveled to Japan with his friend Mark Lancaster. Made in London after his return and assuming multiple painterly manners, this work references the delicate, dripping washes of color-field painting in the treatment of Mount Fuji, while the white jonquils in the foreground are rendered in a hard-edged style. The image itself is also a composite: Hockney worked from a postcard of Mount Fuji and a flower-arrangement manual, rather than direct observation— perhaps an ironic response to the commercial culture he found in Japan, which contradicted his expectations of an unspoiled and bucolic landscape."
MET Museum notice

About the mountain 
Mount Fuji  (3, 776 m -12,389 ft) is located on Honshu Island and is the highest mountain peak in Japan at 3,776.24 m (12,389 ft). Several names are attributed to it:  "Fuji-san", "Fujiyama" or, redundantly, "Mt. Fujiyama". Usually Japanese speakers refer to the mountain as "Fuji-san".  The other Japanese names for Mount Fuji,  have become obsolete or poetic like: Fuji-no-Yama (ふじの山 - The Mountain of Fuji), Fuji-no-Takane (ふじの高嶺- The High Peak of Fuji), Fuyō-hō (芙蓉峰 - The Lotus Peak), and Fugaku (富岳／富嶽), created by combining the first character of 富士, Fuji, and 岳, mountain.
More about Mount Fuji

The painter 

David Hockney (born 9 July 1937) is an English painter, draughtsman, printmaker, stage designer and photographer. An important contributor to the pop art movement of the 1960s, he is considered one of the most influential British artists of the 20th century.

At the Royal College of Art, Hockney featured in the exhibition Young Contemporaries—alongside Peter Blake—that announced the arrival of British Pop art. He was associated with the movement, but his early works display expressionist elements, similar to some works by Francis Bacon. When the RCA said it would not let him graduate in 1962, Hockney drew the sketch The Diploma in protest. He had refused to write an essay required for the final examination, saying he should be assessed solely on his artworks. Recognising his talent and growing reputation, the RCA changed its regulations and awarded the diploma. After leaving the RCA, he taught at Maidstone College of Art for a short time.  A visit to California, where he subsequently lived for many years, inspired him to make a series of paintings of swimming pools in the comparatively new acrylic medium rendered in a highly realistic style using vibrant colours. The artist moved to Los Angeles in 1964, returned to London in 1968, and from 1973 to 1975 lived in Paris.

Hockney has a home and studio in Kensington, London and two residences in California, where he has lived on and off for over 30 years: one in Nichols Canyon, Los Angeles, and an office and archives on Santa Monica Boulevard in West Hollywood, California. 

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2020 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau

THE ROCKIES PAINTED BY DAVID HOCKNEY

DAVID HOCKNEY (bn. 1937) 

Mount Elbert (4, 401 m -14, 440 ft) 

Unites States of America (Colorado)

 In  Rocky mountains and Tired Indians, oil on canvas,  1965, National Galleries Scotland 

The mountains 

Mount Elbert  (4, 401 m -14, 440 ft) in Colorado is the highest point of the Rocky Mountains commonly known as the Rockies,  a major mountain range in western North America. The Rocky Mountains stretch more than 3,000 miles (4,800 km) from the northernmost part of British Columbia, in western Canada, to New Mexico, in the Southwestern United States. Within the North American Cordillera, the Rockies are somewhat distinct from the Pacific Coast Ranges and the Cascade Range and Sierra Nevada, which all lie further to the west.

The Rocky Mountains were initially formed from 80 million to 55 million years ago during the Laramide orogeny, in which a number of plates began to slide underneath the North American plate. The angle of subduction was shallow, resulting in a broad belt of mountains running down western North America. Since then, further tectonic activity and erosion by glaciers have sculpted the Rockies into dramatic peaks and valleys. At the end of the last ice age, humans started to inhabit the mountain range. After Europeans, such as Sir Alexander Mackenzie, and Americans, such as the Lewis and Clark expedition, started to explore the range, minerals and furs drove the initial economic exploitation of the mountains, although the range itself never became densely populated.

Much of the mountain range is protected by public parks and forest lands and is a popular tourist destination, especially for hiking, camping, mountaineering, fishing, hunting, mountain biking, skiing, and snowboarding.

The painter 

David Hockney (born 9 July 1937) is an English painter, draughtsman, printmaker, stage designer and photographer. An important contributor to the pop art movement of the 1960s, he is considered one of the most influential British artists of the 20th century.

At the Royal College of Art, Hockney featured in the exhibition Young Contemporaries—alongside Peter Blake—that announced the arrival of British Pop art. He was associated with the movement, but his early works display expressionist elements, similar to some works by Francis Bacon. When the RCA said it would not let him graduate in 1962, Hockney drew the sketch The Diploma in protest. He had refused to write an essay required for the final examination, saying he should be assessed solely on his artworks. Recognising his talent and growing reputation, the RCA changed its regulations and awarded the diploma. After leaving the RCA, he taught at Maidstone College of Art for a short time.  A visit to California, where he subsequently lived for many years, inspired him to make a series of paintings of swimming pools in the comparatively new acrylic medium rendered in a highly realistic style using vibrant colours. The artist moved to Los Angeles in 1964, returned to London in 1968, and from 1973 to 1975 lived in Paris.

Hockney has a home and studio in Kensington, London and two residences in California, where he has lived on and off for over 30 years: one in Nichols Canyon, Los Angeles, and an office and archives on Santa Monica Boulevard in West Hollywood, California. 

CATHEDRAL ROCK, EL CAPITAN, SENTINEL DOME AND HALF DOME BY DAVID HOCKNEY

 

DAVID HOCKNEY (bn. 1937)

Middle Cathedral Rock (2,026 m - 6,648 ft)

El Capitan (2,309 m - 7,573 ft)

Sentinel Dome (2,477 m - 8,127 ft)

Half Dome (2, 695 m - 8,844  ft)

United States of America (California)

In Yosemite I, October 16, 2011, 

iPad drawing printed on four sheets of paper, mounted on four sheets of Dibond, Private collection

Mountains of Yosemite Valley
The Middle Cathedral Rock (2,026 m- 6,648 ft)  (on right in the painting above with the cascades) is a prominent rock face on the south side of Yosemite Valley, California.
El Capitan (2,309m - 7,573 ft) (on left in the painting above) is a vertical rock formation in Yosemite National Park, located on the north side of Yosemite Valley, near its western end. The granite monolith extends about 3,000 feet (900 m) from base to summit along its tallest face and is one of the world's favorite challenges for rock climbers. The formation was named "El Capitan" by the Mariposa Battalion when it explored the valley in 1851. El Capitan ("the captain", "the chief") was taken to be a loose Spanish translation of the local Native American name for the cliff, variously transcribed as "To-to-kon oo-lah" or "To-tock-ah-noo-lah". It is unclear if the Native American name referred to a specific tribal chief or simply meant "the chief" or "rock chief". In modern times, the formation's name is often contracted to "El Cap", especially among rock climbers and BASE jumpers. 
Sentinel Dome (2,477m - 8,127ft)  (behind Cathedral rock in the painting above) is a granite dome in Yosemite National Park, United States. It lies on the south wall of Yosemite Valley, 0.8 miles (1.3 km) southwest of Glacier Point and 1.4 miles (2.3 km) northeast of Profile Cliff. Sentinel Dome is known for a Jeffrey Pine that grew from its peak (see photograph above). The pine was photographed as early as 1867 by Carleton Watkins, and was the subject of the well-known photograph by Ansel Adams. The pine died during the drought of 1976, but remained standing until August 2003. The original Native American name of Sentinel Dome, in the Southern Sierra Miwok language, was "Sakkaduch". The Bunnell survey named it "South Dome", but the Whitney survey renamed it Sentinel Dome (from its likeness to a watch-tower). The view from the top offers a 360 degree view of Yosemite Valley and surroundings. One can see Half Dome,Yosemite Falls, El Capitan, North Dome, Basket Dome, and much more.
Half Dome (2, 695 m - 8,844 ft) (behind Sentienl Dome in the painting above) is a granite dome at the eastern end of Yosemite Valley in Yosemite National Park, California, part of the Sierra Nevada Range. It is a well-known rock formation in the park, named for its distinct shape; One side is a sheer face while the other three sides are smooth and round, making it appear like a dome cut in half.  The impression from the valley floor that this is a round dome that has lost its northwest half is an illusion. From Washburn Point, Half Dome can be seen as a thin ridge of rock, an arête, that is oriented northeast-southwest, with its southeast side almost as steep as its northwest side except for the very top. Although the trend of this ridge, as well as that of Tenaya Canyon, is probably controlled by master joints, 80 percent of the northwest "half" of the original dome may well still be there. As late as the 1870s, Half Dome was described as "perfectly inaccessible" by Josiah Whitney of the California Geological Survey. The summit was finally conquered by George G. Anderson in October 1875, via a route constructed by drilling and placing iron eyebolts into the smooth granite.

The artist
David Hockney (born 9 July 1937) is an English painter, draughtsman, printmaker, stage designer and photographer. An important contributor to the pop art movement of the 1960s, he is considered one of the most influential British artists of the 20th century.
At the Royal College of Art, Hockney featured in the exhibition Young Contemporaries—alongside Peter Blake—that announced the arrival of British Pop art. He was associated with the movement, but his early works display expressionist elements, similar to some works by Francis Bacon. When the RCA said it would not let him graduate in 1962, Hockney drew the sketch The Diploma in protest. He had refused to write an essay required for the final examination, saying he should be assessed solely on his artworks. Recognising his talent and growing reputation, the RCA changed its regulations and awarded the diploma. After leaving the RCA, he taught at Maidstone College of Art for a short time. A visit to California, where he subsequently lived for many years, inspired him to make a series of paintings of swimming pools in the comparatively new acrylic medium rendered in a highly realistic style using vibrant colours. The artist moved to Los Angeles in 1964, returned to London in 1968, and from 1973 to 1975 lived in Paris.
Hockney has a home and studio in Kensington, London and two residences in California, where he has lived on and off for over 30 years: one in Nichols Canyon, Los Angeles, and an office and archives on Santa Monica Boulevard in West Hollywood, California.
_____________________________

2020 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau

LES DENTELLES DE MONTMIRAIL PAR JAMES DICKSON INNES

 

 

JAMES DICKSON INNES (1887-1914)

Les Dentelles de Montmirail 

France, (Vaucluse)

 

In  Les Dentelles de Montmirail Mountains, South of France, Watercolor, 1910 

 

Les montagnes

Les  Dentelles de Montmirail (722 m - 23,68ft) situées dans le département français de Vaucluse, sont une chaîne de montagne qui marque la limite occidentale des monts de Vaucluse. Elles sont situées au nord de Carpentras, au sud de Vaison-la-Romaine et à l'ouest du mont Ventoux. Leur point culminant est la crête de Saint-Amand à 722 mètres d'altitude. Le massif, qui fait environ huit kilomètres de long, est réputé mondialement pour ses parois d'escalade. Situé au cœur de l'appellation Côtes-du-Rhône, il s'est bâti une réputation pour la qualité de ses vins, ce qui a permis le développement de l'œnotourisme. Il est aussi réputé pour la production de son huile d'olive, protégée par une AOC, et pour la qualité de ses truffes. Son histoire s'étale sur plusieurs millénaires. Le site servit d'abord, par ses oppida, à contrôler les routes unissant le nord et le sud entre vallée du Rhône et Ventoux. Outre Vaison-la-Romaine, des découvertes archéologiques majeures y ont été faites (rare épée celte, inscription celto-grecque, statuaires gallo-romaines), Il abrita aussi deux lieux de culte paléochrétiens datés du 7e siècle, une abbaye de moniales aux sources du Trignon et la chapelle Saint-Hilaire. De plus, la présence pontificale à Avignon, au 14e siècle, permit de développer les muscadières qui fournissaient les celliers des papes en vin muscat. Son patrimoine est particulièrement riche.Elles ont été tres souvent peintes par le roi Charles III d'Angleterre qui y séjourna beaucoup lorsqu'il etait encore Prince de Galles.

Le peintre
James Dickson Innes était un peintre britannique, principalement de paysages de montagne, mais occasionnellement de personnages. Il a travaillé à la fois à l'huile et à l'aquarelle. L'historien de l'art David Fraser Jenkins a écrit à propos de son style : « Comme celui des fauves en France et des expressionnistes en Allemagne, le style de son œuvre est primitif : il est enfantin dans sa technique et est associé au paysage des lieux reculés. »  On a dit que son style inhabituel a ouvert la voie à des artistes britanniques tels que David Hockney. Il a étudié à la Carmarthen School of Art (1904-1905), d'où il a obtenu une bourse pour la Slade School of Art de Londres (1905-1908). Parmi ses professeurs à la Slade figurait P. Wilson Steer.
À partir de 1907, il expose avec le New English Art Club; et en 1911, il devient membre du Camden Town Group. Le Camden Town Group comprenait Walter Sickert qui a eu une influence importante sur l'art d'Innes, et Augustus John avec qui Innes se lia d'amitié.
La politicienne et philanthrope galloise Winifred Coombe Tennant (1874-1956) fut une mécène importante de son travail. En 1913, Innes exposa à l'influent Armory Show de New York, Chicago et Boston. En 1911 et 1912, il passa quelque temps à peindre avec Augustus John autour d'Arenig Fawr dans la vallée d'Arenig au nord du Pays de Galles ; mais une grande partie de son travail fut réalisée à l'étranger, principalement en France (1908-1913), notamment dans les Pyrénées, mais aussi en Espagne (1913) et au Maroc (1913) - des voyages à l'étranger lui ayant été prescrits après qu'on lui eut diagnostiqué une tuberculose. Finalement, le 22 août 1914, à l'âge de vingt-sept ans, il meurt de la maladie dans une maison de retraite à Swanley, dans le Kent.
En 2014, une exposition des œuvres d'Innes a été organisée au Musée national du Pays de Galles, à Cardiff.

 

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2024 - Gravir les montagnes en peinture
Un blog de Francis Rousseau    

ARENIG FAWR BY JAMES DICKSON INNES

JAMES DICKSON INNES (1887-1914) 

Arenig Fawr  (854m - 2, 892ft) 

United Kingdom (Wales) 

1.   In Arenig Fawr, North Wales, 1911, oil on canvas, The Fitzwilliam Museum.

2.  In Arenig, 1911-1912,  oil on canvas, National Museum Wales, National Museum Cardiff

 3. In Arenig North Wales, 1913  oil on canvas, TATE 

4. In Arenig Mountain, 1911, watercolor,  Arts Council Collection UK 

The mountain 

Arenig Fawr  (854m - 2, 892ft)  which means  Great High Ground is a mountain in Snowdonia, North Wales, located close to Llyn Celyn reservoir alongside the A4212 between Trawsfynydd and Bala. Arenig Fawr is the highest member of the Arenig range with Arenig Fach (Small High Ground), a smaller neighbouring mountain, lying to the north. It is surrounded by Moel Llyfnant to the west, Rhobell Fawr to the south and Mynydd Nodol to the east.

The summit, which is also known as Moel yr Eglwys (Bare hill of the church), has a trig point and a memorial to eight American aircrew who died when their Flying Fortress bomber B-17F #42-3124 crashed on 4 August 1943. Some of the crash wreckage is still scattered across the hillside 300 m (330 yds) from the memorial location. From the summit, with good weather conditions, it is possible to see several notable Welsh mountain ranges: the Rhinogs in the west, Mount Snowdon to the northwest, Clwydian Hills in the northeast, east to the Berwyns, south east to the Arans, and southward to Cadair Idris. It is one of the finest panoramas in Wales.

Artists James Dickson Innes (above) and Augustus John used the mountain as a backdrop during their two years of painting in the Arenig valley between 1911-12. In 2011 their work was the subject of a BBC documentary entitled The Mountain That Had to Be Painted.

In The Faerie Queene, an incomplete English epic poem, by Sir Edmund Spenser, the home of 'old Timon', Prince Arthur’s sage foster-father "is low in a valley greene, Under the foot of Rauran mossy hore". Renowned Welsh historian Sir John Edward Lloyd wrote that Rauran "comes from Saxton's map of Merionethshire (1578), which places ‘Rarau uaure Hill’ (Yr Aran Fawr) where Arenig should be". A boulder at a crossroads in the hamlet of Bell Heath, near to Belbroughton, Worcestershire, in England, has a brass plaque attached to it stating "Boulder from Arenig Mountain in N. Wales, Brought here by the Welsh Ice-sheet in the Glacial Period".

Source: 

-Wikipedia

The painter 

 James Dickson Innes  was a British painter, mainly of mountain landscapes but occasionally of figure subjects. He worked in both oils and watercolours. Of his style, art historian David Fraser Jenkins wrote: "Like that of the fauves in France and the expressionists in Germany, the style of his work is primitive: it is child-like in technique and is associated with the landscape of remote places."

It has been argued his unusual style led the way for British artists such as David Hockney.

He studied at the Carmarthen School of Art (1904–05), from where he won a scholarship to the Slade School of Art in London (1905–08). His teachers at the Slade included P. Wilson Steer.
From 1907 he exhibited with the New English Art Club; and in 1911 he became a member of the Camden Town Group.  The Camden Town Group included Walter Sickert who was an influence on Innes's art, and Augustus John with whom Innes became friends.
In 1911 he had a two-man exhibition with Eric Gill at the Chenil Gallery, London: "Sculptures by Mr Eric Gill and Landscapes by Mr J. D. Innes".
The Welsh politician and philanthropist Winifred Coombe Tennant (1874–1956) was an important patron of his work. In 1913 Innes exhibited in the influential Armory Show in New York City, Chicago and Boston.[3]
In 1911 and 1912 he spent some time painting with Augustus John around Arenig Fawr in the Arenig valley in North Wales(see above); but much of his work was done overseas, mainly in France (1908–1913), notably at Collioure, but also in Spain (1913) and Morocco (1913) – foreign travel having been prescribed after he was diagnosed with tuberculosis. Eventually, on 22 August 1914, at the age of twenty-seven, he died of the disease at a nursing home in Swanley, Kent.
In 2014 an exhibition of Innes' works was staged at the National Museum of Wales, Cardiff.
Source: 
- National Museum Cardiff

THE CANIGOU PAINTED BY JAMES DICKSON INNES

JAMES DICKSON INNES (1887–1914) 

The Canigou (2,784m - 9,137 ft) 

France (Pyrénées)

1. In Canigou 1912-1913 oil on canvas,  National museum of Wales, Cardiff

2. In Canigou in Snow, 1911, oil on canvas, National Museum ofWales,  Cardiff.

The mountain 

The Canigou (2,784m - 9,137 ft) is a mountain located in the Pyrenees-Orientales (southern France), south of Prades and north of Prats-de-Mollo-la-Preste. Its summit is a quadripoint between the territories of Casteil, Taurinya, Valmanya and Vernet-les-Bains. Its location makes it visible from the plains of Roussillon and from Conflent in France, and as well from Empordà in Spain. Due to its sharp flanks and its dramatic location near the coast, until the 18th century the Canigou was believed to be the highest mountain in the Pyrenees.
Twice a year, in early February and at the end of October, with good weather, the Canigou can be seen at sunset from as far as Marseille, 250 km away, by refraction of light. This phenomenon was observed in 1808 by baron Franz Xaver von Zach from the Notre-Dame de la Garde basilica in Marseille. All year long, it can also be seen, with good weather, from Agde, Port-Camargue and the Montagne Noire.
The mountain has symbolical significance for Catalan people. On its summit stands a cross that is often decorated with the Catalan flag.  Every year on 23 June, the night before St. John's day (nuit de la Saint Jean), day of the summer solstice, there is a ceremony called Flama del Canigó (Canigou Flame), where a fire is lit at the mountaintop. People keep a vigil during the night and take torches lit on the fire in a spectacular torch relay to light bonfires elsewhere. Many bonfires are lit in this way all over the Pyrénées-Orientales, Catalonia, Valencian Community, and Balearic Islands theoretically.

The painter 

 James Dickson Innes  was a British painter, mainly of mountain landscapes but occasionally of figure subjects. He worked in both oils and watercolours. Of his style, art historian David Fraser Jenkins wrote: "Like that of the fauves in France and the expressionists in Germany, the style of his work is primitive: it is child-like in technique and is associated with the landscape of remote places."

It has been argued his unusual style led the way for British artists such as David Hockney.

He studied at the Carmarthen School of Art (1904–05), from where he won a scholarship to the Slade School of Art in London (1905–08). His teachers at the Slade included P. Wilson Steer.
From 1907 he exhibited with the New English Art Club; and in 1911 he became a member of the Camden Town Group.  The Camden Town Group included Walter Sickert who was an influence on Innes's art, and Augustus John with whom Innes became friends.
In 1911 he had a two-man exhibition with Eric Gill at the Chenil Gallery, London: "Sculptures by Mr Eric Gill and Landscapes by Mr J. D. Innes".
The Welsh politician and philanthropist Winifred Coombe Tennant (1874–1956) was an important patron of his work. In 1913 Innes exhibited in the influential Armory Show in New York City, Chicago and Boston.[3]
In 1911 and 1912 he spent some time painting with Augustus John around Arenig Fawr in the Arenig valley in North Wales(see above); but much of his work was done overseas, mainly in France (1908–1913), notably at Collioure, but also in Spain (1913) and Morocco (1913) – foreign travel having been prescribed after he was diagnosed with tuberculosis. Eventually, on 22 August 1914, at the age of twenty-seven, he died of the disease at a nursing home in Swanley, Kent.
In 2014 an exhibition of Innes' works was staged at the National Museum of Wales, Cardiff.