LE VESUVE PEINT PAR M. MAUTON

 

M. MAUTON (n.d.) 
Mont Vésuve (1281m) 
Italie

in Eruption du Mount Vesuvius. 1834, Ecole du Pausilippe

 

Le volcan
Le Vésuve (1,281 mètres actuellement) fait partie de ces montagnes légendaires qui se rappellent régulièrement à l'attention des terriens. Monte Vesuvius ou Vesuvio en italien moderne ou Mons Vesuvius en latin antique est un stratovolcan située dans le golfe de Naples (Italie) à environ 9 km (5,6 mi) à l'est de Naples et à une courte distance du rivage. C'est l'un des nombreux volcans qui forment l'Arc Campanien. Il s'est formé à la suite de la collision de deux plaques tectoniques, l'africaine et l'eurasienne. Le Vésuve se compose d'un grand cône partiellement encerclé par le bord escarpé d'une caldeira sommitale causée par l'effondrement d'une structure antérieure et à l'origine beaucoup plus élevée.
Le mont Vésuve est surtout connu pour sa grande  éruption en 79 après JC qui a conduit à l'enterrement et à la destruction des villes antiques romaines de Pompéi, d'Herculanum et de plusieurs autres petits villages. Cette éruption a éjecté un nuage de pierres, de cendres et de fumées à une hauteur de 33 km (20,5 mi), crachant de la roche en fusion et de la pierre ponce pulvérisée à raison de 1,5 million de tonnes par seconde, libérant finalement cent mille fois l'énergie thermique libérée par l'attentat d'Hiroshima. Au moins 1 000 personnes sont mortes dans l'éruption. Le seul récit de témoin oculaire survivant de l'événement consiste en deux lettres de Pline le Jeune à l'historien Tacite. Depuis l'an 79, le Vésuve est entré en éruption environ trois douzaines de fois.
En 203, du vivant de l'historien Cassius Dio.
En 472, il a éjecté un tel volume de cendres que des chutes de cendres ont été signalées jusqu'à Constantinople à 1 220 km) de là.
Les éruptions de 512 ont été si graves que les habitants des pentes du Vésuve ont été exonérés d'impôts par Théodoric le Grand, alors le roi d'Italie.
D'autres éruptions ont été enregistrées en 787, 968, 991, 999, 1007 et 1036 avec les premières coulées de lave enregistrées. Le volcan s'est calmé à la fin du XIIIe siècle et dans les années suivantes, il s'est à nouveau couvert de jardins et de vignes comme autrefois. Même l'intérieur du cratère était rempli d'arbustes.
Le Vésuve est entré dans une nouvelle phase en décembre 1631, lorsqu'une éruption majeure a enseveli de nombreux villages sous des coulées de lave, tuant environ 3 000 personnes. Des torrents de lahar ont  ajouté à la dévastation. L'activité est ensuite devenue presque continue, avec des éruptions relativement graves se produisant en 1660, 1682, 1694, 1698, 1707, 1737, 1760, 1767, 1779, 1794, 1822, 1834, 1839, 1850, 1855, 1861, 1868, 1872, 1906 1926, 1929 et 1944. De nos jours, il est considéré comme l'un des volcans les plus dangereux au monde en raison de la population de 3 000 000 de personnes vivant à proximité et de sa tendance aux éruptions explosives (dites éruptions pliniennes). C'est la région volcanique la plus densément peuplée au monde.
La zone autour du Vésuve a été officiellement déclarée parc national le 5 juin 1995. Le sommet du Vésuve est ouvert aux visiteurs et il existe un petit réseau de sentiers autour de la montagne

L'artiste
M. Mauton sur lequel il existe très peu de renseignements biographiques, a été actif au 19e siècle, et a peint de nombreuses vues du Vésuve et notamment de l'éruption de 1834. 
Il fait partie des "suiveurs" mineurs de l'Ecole du Pausilippe, une émanation de l'Ecole napolitaine de peinture, qui au cours du 19e siècle, prend une plus grande conscience individuelle grâce à l'Accademia di belle arti di Napoli, à l'avant-garde de la peinture de paysage. 

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2025 - Wandering Vertexes ....
Gravir les montagnes en peinture  

LE VÉSUVE DESSINÉ PAR BERNARD BUFFET

BERNARD BUFFET (1928-1999)
Le Vésuve (1,281m)
Italie

In Vésuve double,  37,5 x 28 cm, pointe sèche sur papier pur fil d'Arches (sans signature, non numérotée) Extraite du portfolio "Naples"  édition limitée à 300 ex. Editeur : Saint-Gobain, Paris, 1959.

Le volcan
Le Vésuve (1,281 mètres actuellement) fait partie de ces montagnes légendaires qui se rappelle régulièrement à l'attention des terriens. Monte Vesuvius ou Vesuvio en italien moderne ou Mons Vesuvius en latin antique est un stratovolcan située dans le golfe de Naples (Italie) à environ 9 km (5,6 mi) à l'est de Naples et à une courte distance du rivage. C'est l'un des nombreux volcans qui forment l'Arc Campanien. Il s'est formé à la suite de la collision de deux plaques tectoniques, l'africaine et l'eurasienne. Le Vésuve se compose d'un grand cône partiellement encerclé par le bord escarpé d'une caldeira sommitale causée par l'effondrement d'une structure antérieure et à l'origine beaucoup plus élevée.
Le mont Vésuve est surtout connu pour sa grande  éruption en 79 après JC qui a conduit à l'enterrement et à la destruction des villes antiques romaines de Pompéi, d'Herculanum et de plusieurs autres petits villages. Cette éruption a éjecté un nuage de pierres, de cendres et de fumées à une hauteur de 33 km (20,5 mi), crachant de la roche en fusion et de la pierre ponce pulvérisée à raison de 1,5 million de tonnes par seconde, libérant finalement cent mille fois l'énergie thermique libérée par l'attentat d'Hiroshima. Au moins 1 000 personnes sont mortes dans l'éruption. Le seul récit de témoin oculaire survivant de l'événement consiste en deux lettres de Pline le Jeune à l'historien Tacite. Depuis l'an 79, le Vésuve est entré en éruption environ trois douzaines de fois.
En 203, du vivant de l'historien Cassius Dio.
En 472, il a éjecté un tel volume de cendres que des chutes de cendres ont été signalées jusqu'à Constantinople à 1 220 km) de là.
Les éruptions de 512 ont été si graves que les habitants des pentes du Vésuve ont été exonérés d'impôts par Théodoric le Grand, alors le roi d'Italie.
D'autres éruptions ont été enregistrées en 787, 968, 991, 999, 1007 et 1036 avec les premières coulées de lave enregistrées. Le volcan s'est calmé à la fin du XIIIe siècle et dans les années suivantes, il s'est à nouveau couvert de jardins et de vignes comme autrefois. Même l'intérieur du cratère était rempli d'arbustes.
Le Vésuve est entré dans une nouvelle phase en décembre 1631, lorsqu'une éruption majeure a enseveli de nombreux villages sous des coulées de lave, tuant environ 3 000 personnes. Des torrents de lahar ont  ajouté à la dévastation. L'activité est ensuite devenue presque continue, avec des éruptions relativement graves se produisant en 1660, 1682, 1694, 1698, 1707, 1737, 1760, 1767, 1779, 1794, 1822, 1834, 1839, 1850, 1855, 1861, 1868, 1872, 1906 1926, 1929 et 1944. De nos jours, il est considéré comme l'un des volcans les plus dangereux au monde en raison de la population de 3 000 000 de personnes vivant à proximité et de sa tendance aux éruptions explosives (dites éruptions pliniennes). C'est la région volcanique la plus densément peuplée au monde. La zone autour du Vésuve a été officiellement déclarée parc national le 5 juin 1995. Le sommet du Vésuve est ouvert aux visiteurs et il existe un petit réseau de sentiers autour de la montagne. 

L'artiste
Bernard Buffet, est un peintre français expressionniste, peignant aussi bien des personnages que des figures, animaux, nus, paysages, intérieurs, natures mortes, fleurs. Aquarelliste, il fut également peintre de décors et illustrateur. En juin 1948, Buffet concourt avec Deux hommes dans une chambre pour le Prix de la critique (première édition), récemment fondé par Augustin Rumeau et son épouse, propriétaires de la galerie Saint-Placide. Il en sort lauréat ex-aequo avec Bernard Lorjou, de vingt ans son aîné. Le succès est immense. En juillet, une exposition de ses œuvres aura lieu dans cette Galerie. Il expose La Ravaudeuse de filet au Salon d'automne, où il fait la connaissance d'André Minaux. Avec ce dernier, Jean Couty et Simone Dat, il rejoint Bernard Lorjou,  au sein du groupe de L'homme témoin. En 1949 Pierre Descargues publie Bernard Buffet aux Presses littéraires de France. Un amateur d'art met un pavillon à Garches à sa disposition. Comme loyer, Bernard Buffet lui donne un tableau par trimestre.Bernard Buffet rencontre Pierre Bergé en 1950, « dans un café de la rue de la Seine [sic], aujourd'hui disparu, chez Constant » Pierre Bergé devient son compagnon, il gère sa carrière jusqu'à leur rupture en 1958. En mai 1958, le photographe Luc Fournol lui présente Annabel Schwob à Saint-Tropez, alors qu'il est déjà installé dans le succès. C'est le coup de foudre. Le 12 décembre 1958, il épouse Annabel Schwob à Ramatuelle.  Bernard Buffet peint Annabel Schwob inlassablement ; en 1961, l'une de ses expositions s'intitule « Trente fois Annabel Schwob ».
Bernard Buffet se revendiquait de peintres tels que David, Géricault ou Courbet. Il a marqué a contrario un dédain, parfois mordant, pour la peinture abstraite18 et rejette l'impressionnisme. Seuls quelques peintres font exception comme Manet qu'il qualifiera comme ne faisant pas vraiment partie du mouvement impressionniste. « Je n'ai rien contre la peinture abstraite, mais je me demande pourquoi ceux qui l'aiment tant ne la font pas eux-mêmes. Ce serait aussi bien et leur coûterait moins cher. » ( cité par Michel Droit dans Les Feux du crépuscule.)
Diminué par la maladie de Parkinson, Bernard Buffet se suicide par asphyxie le 4 octobre 1999 dans son atelier du Domaine de la Baume près de Tourtour (Var), étouffé dans un sac en plastique noir sur la surface duquel son nom était imprimé avec sa calligraphie particulière.

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2024 - Gravir les montagnes en peinture
Un blog de Francis Rousseau  

LE VÉSUVE PEINT PAR JOSEPH STELLA

JOSEPH STELLA (1877-1946)
Le Vésuve (1,281m)
Italie

In Neapolitan Song , 1929, Huile sur toile, 97.5 x 71.7 cm.
Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington DC

L'artiste
Joseph Stella, né Giuseppe Michele Stella len Italie pres de Naples est un peintre américain d'origine italienne.  Il a participé entre autres aux écoles futuriste et précisionniste. Dès son plus jeune âge, il montra un talent exceptionnel pour le dessin.
Stella déménagea à New York en 1896, à l'âge de dix-neuf ans. Il étudia à l'Art Students League ainsi qu'à la New York School of Art où il étudia avec William Merritt Chase.
Dans les années 1930, le travail de Stella progressa rapidement d'un style à l'autre. Dans le cadre du projet artistique fédéral auquel il participa, il voyagea en Europe, en Afrique du Nord et aux Antilles. Chacun de ces lieux avait non seulement ses propres paysages et ses propres manifestations culturelles qui fournissaient de nouveaux sujets, mais aussi ses propres styles artistiques qui affectaient inévitablement la manière dont Stella peignait. Au cours de cette période, il créa de nombreuses pièces sur le thème de la ville, des pièces religieuses, des croquis botaniques et naturels, des paysages des Caraïbes et des fruits et légumes et fleurs des natures mortes. Ses peintures allaient du réalisme figuratif à l'abstrait et au surréalisme. Cette variation constante entre les styles finit par lui faire perdre sa renommée d'artiste. Il n'était plus aligné sur aucun mouvement et ses œuvres devinrent beaucoup plus particulières et individuelles.En conséquence, il se coupa du monde de l'art à New York et sa fortune s'effondra. Le travail de Stella reflète les personnages et les styles de vie de la ville de New York ainsi que son expérience personnelle à New York. À son arrivée à New York, il se concentra sur la vie des migrants et peignit des scènes les représentant en portraits ou dans leurs activités familières. Plus tard, il se concentra davantage sur le centre-ville de New York et réalisa des portraits d'autres artistes fortunés. Dans chaque cas, il représentait le style de vie auquel il était habitué à New York. Ses voyages en Afrique du Nord et dans les Caraïbes le ramenèrent à ses racines immigrées, ce qui généra en lui une crise d'identité interne ardue dans les années 1930. Cette crise se traduisait clairement par son incapacité à s'en tenir à un style ou à un sujet donnés. Cela prouvait également que pour Stella, l’art avait toujours été une expression personnelle et non une source d’argent. Il savait que son travail le plus précieux aurait été de s'en tenir à des œuvres modernistes dans les années 1930, mais il ne s'intéressait plus désormais au modernisme. Stella a toujours peint ce qu'il voulait et comme il le voulait.

Le volcan
Le Vésuve (1,281 mètres actuellement) fait partie de ces montagnes légendaires qui se rappelle régulièrement à l'attention des terriens. Monte Vesuvius ou Vesuvio en italien moderne ou Mons Vesuvius en latin antique est un stratovolcan située dans le golfe de Naples (Italie) à environ 9 km (5,6 mi) à l'est de Naples et à une courte distance du rivage. C'est l'un des nombreux volcans qui forment l'Arc Campanien. Il s'est formé à la suite de la collision de deux plaques tectoniques, l'africaine et l'eurasienne. Le Vésuve se compose d'un grand cône partiellement encerclé par le bord escarpé d'une caldeira sommitale causée par l'effondrement d'une structure antérieure et à l'origine beaucoup plus élevée.
Le mont Vésuve est surtout connu pour sa grande  éruption en 79 après JC qui a conduit à l'enterrement et à la destruction des villes antiques romaines de Pompéi, d'Herculanum et de plusieurs autres petits villages. Cette éruption a éjecté un nuage de pierres, de cendres et de fumées à une hauteur de 33 km (20,5 mi), crachant de la roche en fusion et de la pierre ponce pulvérisée à raison de 1,5 million de tonnes par seconde, libérant finalement cent mille fois l'énergie thermique libérée par l'attentat d'Hiroshima. Au moins 1 000 personnes sont mortes dans l'éruption. Le seul récit de témoin oculaire survivant de l'événement consiste en deux lettres de Pline le Jeune à l'historien Tacite. Depuis l'an 79, le Vésuve est entré en éruption environ trois douzaines de fois.
En 203, du vivant de l'historien Cassius Dio.
En 472, il a éjecté un tel volume de cendres que des chutes de cendres ont été signalées jusqu'à Constantinople à 1 220 km) de là.
Les éruptions de 512 ont été si graves que les habitants des pentes du Vésuve ont été exonérés d'impôts par Théodoric le Grand, alors le roi d'Italie.
D'autres éruptions ont été enregistrées en 787, 968, 991, 999, 1007 et 1036 avec les premières coulées de lave enregistrées. Le volcan s'est calmé à la fin du XIIIe siècle et dans les années suivantes, il s'est à nouveau couvert de jardins et de vignes comme autrefois. Même l'intérieur du cratère était rempli d'arbustes.
Le Vésuve est entré dans une nouvelle phase en décembre 1631, lorsqu'une éruption majeure a enseveli de nombreux villages sous des coulées de lave, tuant environ 3 000 personnes. Des torrents de lahar ont  ajouté à la dévastation. L'activité est ensuite devenue presque continue, avec des éruptions relativement graves se produisant en 1660, 1682, 1694, 1698, 1707, 1737, 1760, 1767, 1779, 1794, 1822, 1834, 1839, 1850, 1855, 1861, 1868, 1872, 1906 1926, 1929 et 1944. De nos jours, il est considéré comme l'un des volcans les plus dangereux au monde en raison de la population de 3 000 000 de personnes vivant à proximité et de sa tendance aux éruptions explosives (dites éruptions pliniennes). C'est la région volcanique la plus densément peuplée au monde.
La zone autour du Vésuve a été officiellement déclarée parc national le 5 juin 1995. Le sommet du Vésuve est ouvert aux visiteurs et il existe un petit réseau de sentiers autour de la montagne

_________________________________________

2024 - Wandering Vertexes ....
Gravir les montagnes en peinture
Un blog de Francis Rousseau

 

LE VÉSUVE DÉSSINÉ PÄR JOHN AULDJO

JOHN AULDJO ( 1805-1886)
Le Vésuve (1,281 mètres actuellement)
Italie

In " Auldjo in the white pants, leaning on a rock and contemplating a spewing lava dome ", watercolor,  Linda Hall Library

Le peintre
John Richardson Auldjo était un voyageur, géologue, écrivain et artiste canado-britannique. Il était consul britannique à Genève. John Auldjo est né dans une grande famille de marchands et d'hommes politiques de Montréal. En 1822, Auldjo entra au Trinity College de Cambridge . Avant de se lancer dans son Grand Tour, il s'est assuré une place au Lincoln's Inn, à Londres. En 1827, au début de sa tournée, il décide de monter au sommet du Mont Blanc accompagné de six guides. Au sommet, il partage une bouteille de vin avec les guides, puis s'assoid pour écrire une courte lettre à sa sœur. La lettre, encore conservée aujourd'hui et signée au dos par les six guides, est l'un des éléments les plus pittoresques des Archives du Club Alpin. Le récit de l'ascension, qu'il écrivit en 1828 augmenté de ses propres illustrations, fut un succès immédiat et connut trois éditions successives.
En 1830, il prend la décision de rester en Europe en donnant procuration sur ses propriétés canadiennes à son avocat, Thomas Kirkpatrick. A partir de ce moment là , Auldjo a vécu à Naples et devint l'un des piliers du cercle de Sir William Gell. Ce cercle très fermé comprenait Sir William Drummond, Keppel Richard Craven Lady Blessington Sir Walter Scott et Edward Bulwer-Lytton, qui était l'ami particulièrement proche d'Auldjo. Lord Byron, un autre invité fréquent à Naples, lui était également bien connu. En 1831, Auldjo entreprend de grimper sur le Vésuve alors que celui ci connait une période d'activité intense. Il publie à son retour un livre rempli de lithographies coloriées à la main du volcan en pleine éruption.Ses recherches sur le Vésuve ont ensuite été récompensées par des bourses à la Royal Society et à la Royal Geographical Society.
En 1833, il se rend Constantinople et dans les îles grecques et publie un récit de son séjour. Franc-maçon actif, il est nommé en 1837, grand maître du Haut-Canada et, à ce titre, à la fin de l'été de cette année-là, il s'y rendit. Entre-temps, son frère, qui séjournait avec lui à Naples , mourut.Il retourna à Londres et fut noté pour la dernière fois dans les archives des francs-maçons comme assistant à une réunion en 1841–2. On perd ensuie totalement sa trace avant qu'il ne réeapparaisse à Genève en 1870, à l'occasion d'un entretien avec son avocat, Sir George Airey Kirkpatrick, au sujet de la propriété canadienne. Il a occupé le poste non rémunéré de consul britannique à Genève de 1872 jusqu'à sa mort en 1886. Il y est enterré au cimetière de la Châtelaine.


Le volcan
Le Vésuve (1,281 mètres actuellement) fait partie de ces montagnes légendaires qui se rappelle régulièrement à l'attention des terriens. Monte Vesuvius ou Vesuvio en italien moderne ou Mons Vesuvius en latin antique est un stratovolcan située dans le golfe de Naples (Italie) à environ 9 km (5,6 mi) à l'est de Naples et à une courte distance du rivage. C'est l'un des nombreux volcans qui forment l'Arc Campanien. Il s'est formé à la suite de la collision de deux plaques tectoniques, l'africaine et l'eurasienne. Le Vésuve se compose d'un grand cône partiellement encerclé par le bord escarpé d'une caldeira sommitale causée par l'effondrement d'une structure antérieure et à l'origine beaucoup plus élevée.
Le mont Vésuve est surtout connu pour sa grande éruption en 79 après JC qui a conduit à l'enterrement et à la destruction des villes antiques romaines de Pompéi, d'Herculanum et de plusieurs autres petits villages. Cette éruption a éjecté un nuage de pierres, de cendres et de fumées à une hauteur de 33 km (20,5 mi), crachant de la roche en fusion et de la pierre ponce pulvérisée à raison de 1,5 million de tonnes par seconde, libérant finalement cent mille fois l'énergie thermique libérée par l'attentat d'Hiroshima. Au moins 1 000 personnes sont mortes dans l'éruption. Le seul récit de témoin oculaire survivant de l'événement consiste en deux lettres de Pline le Jeune à l'historien Tacite. Depuis l'an 79, le Vésuve est entré en éruption environ trois douzaines de fois.
En 203, du vivant de l'historien Cassius Dio.
En 472, il a éjecté un tel volume de cendres que des chutes de cendres ont été signalées jusqu'à Constantinople à 1 220 km) de là.
Les éruptions de 512 ont été si graves que les habitants des pentes du Vésuve ont été exonérés d'impôts par Théodoric le Grand, alors le roi d'Italie.
D'autres éruptions ont été enregistrées en 787, 968, 991, 999, 1007 et 1036 avec les premières coulées de lave enregistrées. Le volcan s'est calmé à la fin du XIIIe siècle et dans les années suivantes, il s'est à nouveau couvert de jardins et de vignes comme autrefois. Même l'intérieur du cratère était rempli d'arbustes.
Le Vésuve est entré dans une nouvelle phase en décembre 1631, lorsqu'une éruption majeure a enseveli de nombreux villages sous des coulées de lave, tuant environ 3 000 personnes. Des torrents de lahar ont ajouté à la dévastation. L'activité est ensuite devenue presque continue, avec des éruptions relativement graves se produisant en 1660, 1682, 1694, 1698, 1707, 1737, 1760, 1767, 1779, 1794, 1822, 1834, 1839, 1850, 1855, 1861, 1868, 1872, 1906 1926, 1929 et 1944. De nos jours, il est considéré comme l'un des volcans les plus dangereux au monde en raison de la population de 3 000 000 de personnes vivant à proximité et de sa tendance aux éruptions explosives (dites éruptions pliniennes). C'est la région volcanique la plus densément peuplée au monde. La zone autour du Vésuve a été officiellement déclarée parc national le 5 juin 1995. Le sommet du Vésuve est ouvert aux visiteurs et il existe un petit réseau de sentiers autour de la montagne

_________________________________________

2023 - Gravir les montagnes en peinture...
Un blog de Francis Rousseau

LE VÉSUVE PEINT PAR JACOB PHILIPP HACKERT

JACOB PHILIPP HACKERT (1727-1807)
Le Vésuve (1,281m)
Italie

In  L'éruption du Vésuve en 1774,  huile sur toile ,  70, 5 x 90, 5 cm, Museumslandschaft Hessen Kassel


Le volcan
Le Vésuve ou mont Vésuve (Vesuvius mons en latin) est un Somma-stratovolcan italien d'une altitude de 1 281 mètres, bordant la baie de Naples, à l'est de la ville. Il s'agit du seul volcan d'Europe continentale à être entré en éruption durant les cent dernières années, sa dernière éruption datant de 1944. Entré en éruption à de nombreuses reprises au cours des derniers millénaires, il s'agit de l'un des volcans les plus dangereux du monde en raison de sa tendance explosive et surtout de la population importante qui vit à ses abords. Il est ainsi à l'origine de la destruction des villes de Pompéi, d'Herculanum, d'Oplontis et de Stabies, ensevelies en 79 sous les cendres ou une coulée pyroclastique. Il a inspiré de nombreuses légendes et représentations au cours des siècles. La montagne est classée parc national depuis 1995.

Le peintre

Jacob Philipp Hackert nest un peintre paysagiste prussien néoclassique qui commença sa formation artistique dans l'atelier de son père Philipp. Il se rendit, à partir de 1758, à l'Académie des Beaux-Arts de Berlin et en 1761, pour la première fois, deux de ses paysages retinrent l'attention.
Il fut invité par le baron Adolf Friedrich von Olthof à Stralsund, Rügen et Stockholm, où il réalisa des peintures murales. Au cours des années 1765 à 1768 il se rendit à Paris en compagnie de Balthasar Anton Dunker. Il y découvrit, Claude Joseph Vernet, le peintre avignonnais, déjà célèbre pour ses paysages et ses marines, ainsi que le graveur sur cuivre Johann Georg Wille. En 1767, lors d'un séjour en France, Hackert séjourna plusieurs mois dans la résidence de campagne de l’évêque du Mans, Louis-André de Grimaldi. Cette résidence était située à La Chaussée-d'Ivry, il y peignit une gouache sur papier. Après un voyage en Normandie et Picardie, en 1768, il partit avec son frère Georg en Italie, vers Rome et Naples. Il entra en relation avec Johann Friedrich Reiffenstein  et William Hamilton. Voyageant dans toute l'Italie, il se fit une réputation de talentueux peintre paysagiste. Puis, il fut appelé à la cour de Naples, auprès du roi Ferdinand IV de Bourbon. En 1778, de passage dans le Comtat Venaissin, il va véritablement innover en prenant pour la première fois le massif du Mont Ventoux comme seul thème dans son tableau Vue du mont Ventoux depuis les environs de Carpentras. En 1786, de retour à la Cour napolitaine, il y rencontra Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Dès lors les deux hommes se portèrent une estime réciproque. À la suite de l'insurrection des Lazzaroni de Naples, il s'enfuit à Livourne et à Pise, puis s'établit à Florence. Il décéda à San Piero di Carregio dans la campagne florentine. Après sa mort, en 1811, Goethe rédigea sa première biographie.  Il fut en son temps un artiste fort apprécié et contrairement à ses contemporains italiens, tel François Piranèse, qui peignait des paysages héroïques, il chercha toujours la précision et la fidélité.

 

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2023 - Wandering Vertexes ....
            Errant au-dessus des Sommets Silencieux...
            Un blog de Francis Rousseau

LE VESUVE PEINT PAR ROBERT SCOTT DUNCANSON

 

ROBERT SCOTT DUNCANSON (1821-1872)
Le Vésuve (1,281m)
Italie

In Mount Vesuvius and Pompei ruins, 1879, Huile sur toile, 25.4 x 39.7 cm.
Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington DC

L'artiste
Robert Scott Duncanson,  est le premier artiste afro-américain qui ait été reconnu de son vivant. Selon Joseph D. Ketner, conservateur de la galerie d'art de l'université d'État de Washington, il peint dans la tradition de l'Ecole de l'Hudson River. Il a été souvent inspiré par la littérature romantique anglaise. C'est un artiste peintre assez peu connu aujourd'hui, tant pour ses portraits que ses paysages beaux et sereins, marqués par les espaces encore sauvages de l'Amérique du Nord.
À son retour au domicile de sa mère, Duncanson aurait dit, « je reviens pour être artiste ». Il déménagea à Cincinnati. À cette époque, Cincinnati était connue comme « l'Athènes de l'Occident ». Duncanson possédait le dynamisme et la volonté de devenir artiste, mais il n'avait reçu aucune formation technique. Autodidacte, il apprit en copiant des portraits et des images imprimées. Sa détermination lui permit de voyager dans le monde et de poursuivre une longue carrière, jusqu'à sa mort en 1872. Il peignit plusieurs fois le Vésuve dans une période calme  relatif comme on peut le voir,  mais  il ne le peignit qu'une seule fois en insérant un tableau dans le tableau comme ici avec ce fragment de mur peint dont il est  plutôt difficile d'identifier le sujet.

Le volcan
Le Vésuve (1,281 mètres actuellement) fait partie de ces montagnes légendaires qui se rappelle régulièrement à l'attention des terriens. Monte Vesuvius ou Vesuvio en italien moderne ou Mons Vesuvius en latin antique est un stratovolcan située dans le golfe de Naples (Italie) à environ 9 km (5,6 mi) à l'est de Naples et à une courte distance du rivage. C'est l'un des nombreux volcans qui forment l'Arc Campanien. Il s'est formé à la suite de la collision de deux plaques tectoniques, l'africaine et l'eurasienne. Le Vésuve se compose d'un grand cône partiellement encerclé par le bord escarpé d'une caldeira sommitale causée par l'effondrement d'une structure antérieure et à l'origine beaucoup plus élevée.
Le mont Vésuve est surtout connu pour sa grande  éruption en 79 après JC qui a conduit à l'enterrement et à la destruction des villes antiques romaines de Pompéi, d'Herculanum et de plusieurs autres petits villages. Cette éruption a éjecté un nuage de pierres, de cendres et de fumées à une hauteur de 33 km (20,5 mi), crachant de la roche en fusion et de la pierre ponce pulvérisée à raison de 1,5 million de tonnes par seconde, libérant finalement cent mille fois l'énergie thermique libérée par l'attentat d'Hiroshima. Au moins 1 000 personnes sont mortes dans l'éruption. Le seul récit de témoin oculaire survivant de l'événement consiste en deux lettres de Pline le Jeune à l'historien Tacite. Depuis l'an 79, le Vésuve est entré en éruption environ trois douzaines de fois.
En 203, du vivant de l'historien Cassius Dio.
En 472, il a éjecté un tel volume de cendres que des chutes de cendres ont été signalées jusqu'à Constantinople à 1 220 km) de là.
Les éruptions de 512 ont été si graves que les habitants des pentes du Vésuve ont été exonérés d'impôts par Théodoric le Grand, alors le roi d'Italie.
D'autres éruptions ont été enregistrées en 787, 968, 991, 999, 1007 et 1036 avec les premières coulées de lave enregistrées. Le volcan s'est calmé à la fin du XIIIe siècle et dans les années suivantes, il s'est à nouveau couvert de jardins et de vignes comme autrefois. Même l'intérieur du cratère était rempli d'arbustes.
Le Vésuve est entré dans une nouvelle phase en décembre 1631, lorsqu'une éruption majeure a enseveli de nombreux villages sous des coulées de lave, tuant environ 3 000 personnes. Des torrents de lahar ont  ajouté à la dévastation. L'activité est ensuite devenue presque continue, avec des éruptions relativement graves se produisant en 1660, 1682, 1694, 1698, 1707, 1737, 1760, 1767, 1779, 1794, 1822, 1834, 1839, 1850, 1855, 1861, 1868, 1872, 1906 1926, 1929 et 1944. De nos jours, il est considéré comme l'un des volcans les plus dangereux au monde en raison de la population de 3 000 000 de personnes vivant à proximité et de sa tendance aux éruptions explosives (dites éruptions pliniennes). C'est la région volcanique la plus densément peuplée au monde.

La zone autour du Vésuve a été officiellement déclarée parc national le 5 juin 1995. Le sommet du Vésuve est ouvert aux visiteurs et il existe un petit réseau de sentiers autour de la montagne

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2022 - Wandering Vertexes ....
            Errant au-dessus des Sommets Silencieux...
            Un blog de Francis Rousseau

MOUNT VESUVIUS SEEN FROM SORRENTE BY ALFRED DE CURZON

 

ALFRED DE CURZON (1820-1895)
Mount Vesuvius (1,281 m- 4,203 ft at present)
Italy

In "Sorrente, devant la mer de Naples ", 1851, huile sur papier marouflé sur toile 24,5 x 33 cm,
Collection privée, courtesy Galerie d'Athènes, Paris

The painter
Alfred de Curzon is a French painter, grandson of Joseph-Emmanuel-Auguste-François de Lambertye and brother of Emmanuel Parent de Curzon. Alfred de Curzon's family is part of the aristocracy of western France. While he was a student, the painting Médée furieuse by Eugène Delacroix, exhibited at the Salon of 1838, made a strong impression on him. He tries his hand at pastel and decides to become a painter. He entered the 1 April 1840 at the School of Fine Arts in Paris in the studio of Michel Martin Drolling. On the advice of one of his classmates from the school, Louis Georges Brillouin (1817-1893), he changed studio to follow the lessons of Louis Cabat from 1845.
In 1849 he painted La Mort de Milon de Crotone. At the request of the Academy, he obtained from the minister the enjoyment of the pension of Rome for two years. There he met Alexandre Cabanel, Jean-Achille Benouville, François-Léon Benouville, Louis Français and Charles Busson who remained his friend. He travel to Greece in 1852 with the writer Edmond About and the architect Charles Garnier. Greek antiquity then strongly impregnated him and is found in many of his paintings.
He began at the Salon of 1843 with a painting entitled Landscape. He obtained a 2nd class medal in 1857, followed by recalls in 1859, 1861 and 1863. He was awarded a 3rd class medal at the Universal Exhibition of 1867.
Charles Baudelaire notes, in his Salon of 1845: "A serenade in a boat, - is one of the most distinguished things of the Salon. - The arrangement of all these figures is very happily conceived; the old man at the end of the boat, lying in the middle of the garlands, is a very pretty idea. - The compositions of M. Brillouin and that of M. Curzon have some analogy; they have this above all in common, that they are well drawn - and drawn with spirit."
Alfred de Curzon practiced all genres, but it was his landscapes that made him famous. Many drawings can be seen at the Sainte-Croix museum in Poitiers (France).

The mountain 

Mount Vesuvius (1,281 m- 4,203 ft at present) is one of those legendary and mythic mountains  the Earth  paid regularly tribute. Monte Vesuvio in Italian modern langage or Mons Vesuvius in antique Latin langage is a stratovolcano in the Gulf of Naples (Italy) about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. 

It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure.

Mount Vesuvius is best known for its eruption in AD 79 that led to the burying and destruction of the Roman antique cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and several other settlements. That eruption ejected a cloud of stones, ash, and fumes to a height of 33 km (20.5 mi), spewing molten rock and pulverized pumice at the rate of 1.5 million tons per second, ultimately releasing a hundred thousand times the thermal energy released by the Hiroshima bombing. At least 1,000 people died in the eruption. The only surviving eyewitness account of the event consists of two letters by Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus.

Vesuvius has erupted many times since and is the only volcano on the European mainland to have erupted within the last hundred years. Nowadays, it is regarded as one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world because of the population of 3,000,000 people living nearby and its tendency towards explosive eruptions (said Plinian eruptions). It is the most densely populated volcanic region in the world.

Vesuvius was formed as a result of the collision of two tectonic plates, the African and the Eurasian. The former was subducted beneath the latter, deeper into the earth. As the water-saturated sediments of the oceanic African plate were pushed to hotter depths in the earth, the water boiled off and caused the melting point of the upper mantle to drop enough to create partial melting of the rocks. Because magma is less dense than the solid rock around it, it was pushed upward. Finding a weak place at the Earth's surface it broke through, producing the volcano.

he area around Vesuvius was officially declared a national park on June 5, 1995. The summit of Vesuvius is open to visitors and there is a small network of paths around the mountain that are maintained by the park authorities on weekends.

There is access by road to within 200 metres (660 ft) of the summit (measured vertically), but thereafter access is on foot only. There is a spiral walkway around the mountain from the road to the crater.

The first funicular cable car on Mount Vesuvius opened in 1880. It was later destroyed by the 1944 eruption. "Funiculì, Funiculà", a famous Neapolitan song with lyrics by journalist Peppino Turco set to music by composer Luigi Denza, commemorates its opening.

 

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2022 - Wandering Vertexes / Mountain painting
By Francis Rousseau

MOUNT VESUVIUS PAINTED BY CHARLES-FRANÇOIS DE LA CROIX DE MARSEILLE

CHARLES-FRANÇOIS DE LA CROIX DE MARSEILLE (1700-1782)
Mount Vesuvius (1,281m - 4,203ft)
Italy

In Eruption du Vésuve en 1770, oil on canvas, Private collection
 

The volcano
Mount Vesuvius (1,281 meters- 4,203 ft at present) is one of those legendary and mythic mountains the Earth paid regularly tribute. Monte Vesuvius or Vesuvio  in Italian modern langage or Mons Vesuvius in antique Latin langage is a stratovolcano in the Gulf of Naples (Italy) about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Naples and a short distance from the shore.  It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure.
Mount Vesuvius is best known for its eruption in AD 79 that led to the burying and destruction of the Roman antique cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and several other settlements. That eruption ejected a cloud of stones, ash, and fumes to a height of 33 km (20.5 mi), spewing molten rock and pulverized pumice at the rate of 1.5 million tons per second, ultimately releasing a hundred thousand times the thermal energy released by the Hiroshima bombing. At least 1,000 people died in the eruption. The only surviving eyewitness account of the event consists of two letters by Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus.  Since the eruption of AD 79, Vesuvius has erupted around three dozen times.
It erupted again in 203, during the lifetime of the historian Cassius Dio.
In 472, it ejected such a volume of ash that ashfalls were reported as far away as Constantinople (760 mi.; 1,220 kms).
The eruptions of 512 were so severe that those inhabiting the slopes of Vesuvius were granted exemption from taxes by Theodoric the Great, the Gothicking of Italy.
Further eruptions were recorded in 787, 968, 991, 999, 1007 and 1036 with the first recorded lava flows. The volcano became quiescent at the end of the 13th century and in the following years it again became covered with gardens and vineyards as of old. Even the inside of the crater was moderately filled with shrubbery.
Vesuvius entered a new phase in December 1631, when a major eruption buried many villages under lava flows, killing around 3,000 people. Torrents of lahar were also created, adding to the devastation. Activity thereafter became almost continuous, with relatively severe eruptions occurring in 1660, 1682, 1694, 1698, 1707, 1737, 1760, 1767, 1779, 1794, 1822, 1834, 1839, 1850, 1855, 1861, 1868, 1872, 1906, 1926, 1929, and 1944.  Nowadays, it is regarded as one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world because of the population of 3,000,000 people living nearby and its tendency towards explosive eruptions (said Plinian eruptions). It is the most densely populated volcanic region in the world.
Vesuvius was formed as a result of the collision of two tectonic plates, the African and the Eurasian.
The area around Vesuvius was officially declared a national park on June 5, 1995. The summit of Vesuvius is open to visitors and there is a small network of paths around the mountain that are maintained by the park authorities on weekends.

The painter
Charles François Grenier de Lacroix, called Charles Francois Lacroix de Marseille, was a French painter
reknown for his landscapes and marines, in the style of Claude Joseph Vernet, Jean-Joseph Kapeller and Henry of Arles. He was a pupil and imitator of Joseph Vernet, and stayed in Rome in 1754. From 1776, he exhibited with great success and spent a good part of his life between Italy and Provence. In 1780, he published an ad to welcome students in his studio in Paris. Jean-Jacques Le Veau and Noël Le Mire engraved some of his paintings.

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2021 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau

MOUNT VESUVIUS PAINTED BY ALBERT MARQUET (3)

 

ALBERT MARQUET (1875–1947),
Mount Vesuvius (1,281 m- 4,203 ft at present)
Italy 

                     

                              In La Baie de Naples et le Vésuve, 1909, oil on canvas,  Tate London

About this painting

During his jounrey to Italy in 1909, Albert Marquet has painted Vesuvius several times, at different moment of the day  and, each time with the same title, which doen'st make their identificationn very easy ! Here are too others examples already pusblished in this blog : 

- La baie de Naples et le Vésuve, 1909, Pushkin museum, Moscow
- La baie de Naples et le Vésuve, 1909, Ermitage Museum, Sankt-Petersburg, Russia


The mountain
Mount Vesuvius (1,281 m - 4,203 ft at present) is one of those legendary and mythic mountains the Earth paid regularly tribute. Monte Vesuvio in Italian modern langage or Mons Vesuvius in antique Latin langage is a stratovolcano in the Gulf of Naples (Italy) about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Naples and a short distance from the shore.
It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure.
Mount Vesuvius is best known for its eruption in AD 79 that led to the burying and destruction of the Roman antique cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and several other settlements. That eruption ejected a cloud of stones, ash, and fumes to a height of 33 km (20.5 mi), spewing molten rock and pulverized pumice at the rate of 1.5 million tons per second, ultimately releasing a hundred thousand times the thermal energy released by the Hiroshima bombing. At least 1,000 people died in the eruption. The only surviving eyewitness account of the event consists of two letters by Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus.
Vesuvius has erupted many times since and is the only volcano on the European mainland to have erupted within the last hundred years. Nowadays, it is regarded as one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world because of the population of 3,000,000 people living nearby and its tendency towards explosive eruptions (said Plinian eruptions). It is the most densely populated volcanic region in the world.
Vesuvius was formed as a result of the collision of two tectonic plates, the African and the Eurasian. The former was subducted beneath the latter, deeper into the earth. As the water-saturated sediments of the oceanic African plate were pushed to hotter depths in the earth, the water boiled off and caused the melting point of the upper mantle to drop enough to create partial melting of the rocks. Because magma is less dense than the solid rock around it, it was pushed upward. Finding a weak place at the Earth's surface it broke through, producing the volcano.
The area around Vesuvius was officially declared a national park on June 5, 1995. The summit of Vesuvius is open to visitors and there is a small network of paths around the mountain that are maintained by the park authorities on weekends.


The painter
Albert Marquet was a French painter, associated with the Fauvist movement. He initially became one of the Fauve painters and a lifelong friend of Henri Matisse. In 1890 Marquet moved to Paris to attend the Ecole des Arts Decoratifs, where he met Henri Matisse. They were roommates for a time, and they influenced each other's work. Marquet began studies in 1892 at the École des Beaux-Arts de Paris under Gustave Moreau, the famous symbolist artist. In 1905 he exhibited at the Salon d'Automne. Dismayed by the intense coloration in these paintings, critics reacted by naming the artists the "Fauves", i.e. the wild beasts. Although Marquet painted with the fauves for years, he used less bright and violent colours than the others, and emphasized less intense tones made by mixing complementaries, thus always as colors and never as grays.
From 1907 to his death, Marquet alternated between working in his studio in Paris (a city he painted a lot of times) and many parts of the European coast and in North Africa. He was most involved with Algeria and Algiers and Tunisia. He remained also impressed particularly with Naples and Venice where he painted the sea and boats, accenting the light over water. During his voyages to Germany and Sweden he painted the subjects he usually preferred: river and sea views, ports and ships, but also cityscapes.
Matisse said : "When I look at Hokusai, I think of Marquet—and vice versa ... I don't mean imitation of Hokusai, I mean similarity with him".

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2020 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau

MOUNT VESUVIUS PAINTED BY JOHN MARTIN

JOHN MARTIN (1789-1854)
Mount Vesuvius (1,281m - 4,203ft)
Italy

In The destruction of Pompei in 79. c.1821, Tate Britain, London

The painter
John Martin was an English Romantic painter, engraver and illustrator. He was celebrated for his typically vast and melodramatic paintings of religious subjects and fantastic compositions, populated with minute figures placed in imposing landscapes. Martin's paintings, and the prints made from them, enjoyed great success with the general public—in 1821 Thomas Lawrence referred to him as "the most popular painter of his day"—but were lambasted by John Ruskin and other critics. Martin's large paintings were closely connected with contemporary dioramas or panoramas, popular entertainments in which large painted cloths were displayed, and animated by the skilful use of artificial light. Martin has often been claimed as a forerunner of the epic cinema, and there is no doubt that the pioneer director D. W. Griffith was aware of his work." In turn, the diorama makers borrowed Martin's work, to the point of plagiarism. A 2,000-square-foot (190 m2) version of Belshazzar's Feast was mounted at a facility called the British Diorama in 1833; Martin tried, but failed, to shut down the display with a court order. Another diorama of the same picture was staged in New York City in 1835. These dioramas were tremendous successes with their audiences, but wounded Martin's reputation in the serious art world.

The volcano
Mount Vesuvius (1,281 m- 4,203 ft at present) is one of those legendary and mythic mountains the Earth paid regularly tribute. Monte Vesuvio in Italian modern langage or Mons Vesuvius in antique Latin langage is a stratovolcano in the Gulf of Naples (Italy) about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Naples and a short distance from the shore.
It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure.
Mount Vesuvius is best known for its eruption in AD 79 that led to the burying and destruction of the Roman antique cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and several other settlements. That eruption ejected a cloud of stones, ash, and fumes to a height of 33 km (20.5 mi), spewing molten rock and pulverized pumice at the rate of 1.5 million tons per second, ultimately releasing a hundred thousand times the thermal energy released by the Hiroshima bombing. At least 1,000 people died in the eruption. The only surviving eyewitness account of the event consists of two letters by Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus.
Vesuvius has erupted many times since and is the only volcano on the European mainland to have erupted within the last hundred years. Nowadays, it is regarded as one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world because of the population of 3,000,000 people living nearby and its tendency towards explosive eruptions (said Plinian eruptions). It is the most densely populated volcanic region in the world.
Vesuvius was formed as a result of the collision of two tectonic plates, the African and the Eurasian. The former was subducted beneath the latter, deeper into the earth. As the water-saturated sediments of the oceanic African plate were pushed to hotter depths in the earth, the water boiled off and caused the melting point of the upper mantle to drop enough to create partial melting of the rocks. Because magma is less dense than the solid rock around it, it was pushed upward. Finding a weak place at the Earth's surface it broke through, producing the volcano.
he area around Vesuvius was officially declared a national park on June 5, 1995. The summit of Vesuvius is open to visitors and there is a small network of paths around the mountain that are maintained by the park authorities on weekends.
There is access by road to within 200 metres (660 ft) of the summit (measured vertically), but thereafter access is on foot only. There is a spiral walkway around the mountain from the road to the crater.
The first funicular cable car on Mount Vesuvius opened in 1880. It was later destroyed by the 1944 eruption. "Funiculì, Funiculà", a famous Neapolitan song with lyrics by journalist Peppino Turco set to music by composer Luigi Denza, commemorates its opening.

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2020 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau

MOUNT VESUVIUS PAINTED BY CHARLES MOUTON-DUGASSEAU

 CHARLES MOUTON-DUGASSEAU (1812- 1883)
Mount Vesuvius (1,281m - 4,203ft)
Italy

In La Baie de Naples avec une éruption du Vésuve sous la neige,
6 January 1836,(Bay of Naples with Mount Vesuvius Erupting and Covered in Snow), 6 Janvier 1836,
Gouache on paper 42.7cm x 63.3cm.
Private collection

The artist
Charles Dugasseau, born Charles-Alexandre-Ernest Mouton or Mouton-Dugasseau  was a painter, designer and curator of the Tessé Museum in Le Mans. After making his debut at Le Mans in 1836, Charles Dugasseau spent seven years in Italy in Rome. Student of Ingres who describes him as his friend, and who invites him to come and listen to music until the end of his days. His Sapho exhibited at the Salon in 1845, with Christ surrounded by the founders of the religion, was noticed by Francis Wey, Théophile Gautier and Charles Baudelaire who made this comment: “Serious painting, but pedantic - looks like a very solid Lehmann. His Sapho making the leap of Lefkada is a pretty composition ”.
Nephew of Narcisse Desportes, curator of the Tessé Museum and botanist, Charles Dugasseau replaced him in 1856. He increased the museum's collection by making purchases, in particular twenty-three works by Italian primitives acquired during the sale after the death of a collector from Manceau, Évariste Fouret (1807-1863). He requests deposits from the French State and makes or has made many copies of paintings by Leonardo da Vinci, (Joconda), Bernardino Luini, Francesco Melzi (Flora ou Colombine or La Dame au jasmin), Andrea Solari (The Virgin with the Green Cushion).
The second part of his career was devoted to landscape painting.

The mountain 

Mount Vesuvius (1,281 meters- 4,203 ft at present) is one of those legendary and mythic mountains the Earth paid regularly tribute. Monte Vesuvio in Italian modern langage or Mons Vesuvius in antique Latin langage is a stratovolcano in the Gulf of Naples (Italy) about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. 

It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure.

Mount Vesuvius is best known for its eruption in AD 79 that led to the burying and destruction of the Roman antique cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and several other settlements. That eruption ejected a cloud of stones, ash, and fumes to a height of 33 km (20.5 mi), spewing molten rock and pulverized pumice at the rate of 1.5 million tons per second, ultimately releasing a hundred thousand times the thermal energy released by the Hiroshima bombing. At least 1,000 people died in the eruption. The only surviving eyewitness account of the event consists of two letters by Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus.

Vesuvius has erupted many times since and is the only volcano on the European mainland to have erupted within the last hundred years. Nowadays, it is regarded as one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world because of the population of 3,000,000 people living nearby and its tendency towards explosive eruptions (said Plinian eruptions). It is the most densely populated volcanic region in the world.

Vesuvius was formed as a result of the collision of two tectonic plates, the African and the Eurasian. The former was subducted beneath the latter, deeper into the earth. As the water-saturated sediments of the oceanic African plate were pushed to hotter depths in the earth, the water boiled off and caused the melting point of the upper mantle to drop enough to create partial melting of the rocks. Because magma is less dense than the solid rock around it, it was pushed upward. Finding a weak place at the Earth's surface it broke through, producing the volcano.

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2020 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau

ETNA BY ATHANASIUS KIRCHER

 

ATHANASIUS KIRCHER  (1601-1680)

Mount Etna or Mongibello (3,329 m - 10,922ft)
Italy (Sicily)

The mountain
Mount Etna (3,329 m - 10,922ft) or Mongibello, Mungibeddu in Sicilian, Aetna in Latin is an active stratovolcano on the east coast of Sicily, in the Province of Catania, between Messina and Catania. It lies above the convergent plate margin between the African Plate and the Eurasian Plate. It is the tallest active volcano in Europe. It is the highest mountain in Italy south of the Alps. Etna covers an area of 1,190 km2 (459 sq mi) with a basal circumference of 140 km. This makes it by far the largest of the three active volcanoes in Italy, being about two and a half times the height of the next largest, Mount Vesuvius. Only Mount Teide in Tenerife surpasses it in the whole of the European–North-African region.
More about Etna

The painter
Athanasius Kircher was a German Jesuit scholar and polymath who published around 40 major works, most notably in the fields of comparative religion, geology, and medicine. Kircher has been compared to fellow Jesuit Roger Boscovich and to Leonardo da Vinci for his enormous range of interests, and has been honoured with the title "Master of a Hundred Arts". He taught for more than 40 years at the Roman College, where he set up a wunderkammer. A resurgence of interest in Kircher has occurred within the scholarly community in recent decades.
Kircher claimed to have deciphered the hieroglyphic writing of the ancient Egyptian language, but most of his assumptions and translations in this field were later found to be incorrect. He did, however, correctly establish the link between the ancient Egyptian and the Coptic languages, and some commentators regard him as the founder of Egyptology. Kircher was also fascinated with Sinology and wrote an encyclopedia of China, in which he noted the early presence there of Nestorian Christians while also attempting to establish links with Egypt and Christianity.
Kircher's work in geology included studies of volcanoes and fossils. One of the first people to observe microbes through a microscope, Kircher was ahead of his time in proposing that the plague was caused by an infectious microorganism and in suggesting effective measures to prevent the spread of the disease. Kircher also displayed a keen interest in technology and mechanical inventions; inventions attributed to him include a magnetic clock, various automatons and the first megaphone. The invention of the magic lantern is often misattributed to Kircher, although he did conduct a study of the principles involved in his Ars Magna Lucis et Umbrae.
A scientific star in his day, towards the end of his life he was eclipsed by the rationalism of René Descartes and others. In the late 20th century, however, the aesthetic qualities of his work again began to be appreciated. One modern scholar, Alan Cutler, described Kircher as "a giant among seventeenth-century scholars", and "one of the last thinkers who could rightfully claim all knowledge as his domain". Another scholar, Edward W. Schmidt, referred to Kircher as "the last Renaissance man". In A Man of Misconceptions, his 2012 book about Kircher, John Glassie writes that while "many of Kircher's actual ideas today seem wildly off-base, if not simply bizarre," he was "a champion of wonder, a man of awe-inspiring erudition and inventiveness," whose work was read "by the smartest minds of the time."

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2020 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau

VESUVIUS PAINTED BY ALBERT MARQUET

 

ALBERT MARQUET (1875–1947)

Mount Vesuvius (1,281m - 4,203ft)

Italy

 In La baie de  Naples et le Vésuve, 1909, Oil on canvas, 62x 80 cm  

Ermitage Museum, Sankt-Petersburg, Russia

The mountain
Mount Vesuvius (1,281 meters- 4,203 ft at present) is one of those legendary and mythic mountains the Earth paid regularly tribute. Monte Vesuvio in Italian modern langage or Mons Vesuvius in antique Latin langage is a stratovolcano in the Gulf of Naples (Italy) about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Naples and a short distance from the shore.
It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure.
Mount Vesuvius is best known for its eruption in AD 79 that led to the burying and destruction of the Roman antique cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and several other settlements. That eruption ejected a cloud of stones, ash, and fumes to a height of 33 km (20.5 mi), spewing molten rock and pulverized pumice at the rate of 1.5 million tons per second, ultimately releasing a hundred thousand times the thermal energy released by the Hiroshima bombing. At least 1,000 people died in the eruption. The only surviving eyewitness account of the event consists of two letters by Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus.
More about Vesuvius ...


The painter
Albert Marquet was a French painter, associated with the Fauvist movement. He initially became one of the Fauve painters and a lifelong friend of Henri Matisse. In 1890 Marquet moved to Paris to attend the Ecole des Arts Decoratifs, where he met Henri Matisse. They were roommates for a time, and they influenced each other's work. Marquet began studies in 1892 at the École des Beaux-Arts de Paris under Gustave Moreau, the famous symbolist artist. In 1905 he exhibited at the Salon d'Automne. Dismayed by the intense coloration in these paintings, critics reacted by naming the artists the "Fauves", i.e. the wild beasts. Although Marquet painted with the fauves for years, he used less bright and violent colours than the others, and emphasized less intense tones made by mixing complementaries, thus always as colors and never as grays.
Marquet subsequently painted in a more naturalistic style, primarily landscapes, but also several portraits and, between 1910 and 1914, several female nude paintings.
From 1907 to his death, Marquet alternated between working in his studio in Paris (a city he painted a lot of times) and many parts of the European coast and in North Africa. He was most involved with Algeria and Algiers and with Tunisia. He remained also impressed particularly with Naples (see above) and Venice where he painted the sea and boats, accenting the light over water. During his voyages to Germany and Sweden he painted the subjects he usually preferred: river and sea views, ports and ships, but also cityscapes.
Marquet was particularly revered by the American painters Leland Bell and his wife Louisa Matthiasdottir. He was also revered by Bell's contemporaries Al Kresch and Gabriel Laderman. Since both Bell and Laderman were teachers in several American art schools, they have had an influence on younger American figurative artists and their appreciation of Marquet.
Matisse said ; "When I look at Hokusai, I think of Marquet—and vice versa ... I don't mean imitation of Hokusai, I mean similarity with him".

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2020 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau

VESUVIUS PAINTED BY JOSEPH REBELL

JOSEPH REBELL (1787-1828) 

Mount Vesuvius (1,281m - 4,203ft)

Italy

In Vesuvio in 1813-15, oil on canvas, Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe.

The mountain 

Mount Vesuvius (1,281 meters- 4,203 ft at present) is one of those legendary and mythic mountains the Earth paid regularly tribute. Monte Vesuvio in Italian modern langage or Mons Vesuvius in antique Latin langage is a stratovolcano in the Gulf of Naples (Italy) about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Naples and a short distance from the shore.
It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure.
Mount Vesuvius is best known for its eruption in AD 79 that led to the burying and destruction of the Roman antique cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and several other settlements. That eruption ejected a cloud of stones, ash, and fumes to a height of 33 km (20.5 mi), spewing molten rock and pulverized pumice at the rate of 1.5 million tons per second, ultimately releasing a hundred thousand times the thermal energy released by the Hiroshima bombing. At least 1,000 people died in the eruption. The only surviving eyewitness account of the event consists of two letters by Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus.

More about Vesuvius ...

The painter
Joseph Rebell is an Austrian landscape painter.
After studying at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna, he stayed in Berne in Switzerland in 1809 and in Milan between 1810 and 1812 at the court of Eugene de Beauharnais and Naples between 1813 and 1815, including the court of Joachim Murat. He then moved to Rome between 1816 and 1824. On this date, he was called to Vienna by Francis I of Austria to run the Belvedere Gallery, where he remained until his death from illness in 1828, when a trip to Dresden.

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2019 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau

VESUVIUS PAINTED BY THOMAS JONES

THOMAS JONES (1742-1803) 

Mount Vesuvius (1,281m - 4,203ft)

Italy

In Mount Vesuvius from Torre dell Annunziata  oil on canvas, 1783, Tate Gallery 

The painter
Thomas Jones was a Welsh landscape painter, the pupil of Richard Wilson. He  was best known in his lifetime as a painter of Welsh and Italian landscapes in the style of his master. However, Jones's reputation grew in the 20th century when more unconventional works by him, not originally intended for exhibition, came to light. Most notable among these is a series of views of Naples which he painted from 1782 to 1783. By breaking with the conventions of classical landscape painting in favour of direct observation, they look forward to the work of Camille Corot and the Barbizon School in the 19th century.

Jones made his first visit to Naples in September 1778, staying there for five months. He returned to Rome for a time, living in a house near the Spanish Steps built by Salvator Rosa.  He took on a Danish widow called Maria Moncke as his "Maid Servant" in April 1779, eloping with her to Naples a year later. Then the largest city in Italy, Naples promised more opportunities for patronage than had Rome, and Jones sought the patronage of the British Ambassador Sir William Hamilton in particular.Maria gave birth to two daughters in Naples, Anna Maria (in 1780) and Elizabetha (in 1781). His autobiography, Memoirs of Thomas Jones of Penkerrig, went unpublished until 1951 but is now recognised as an important source of information on the 18th-century art world.

The mountain 

Mount Vesuvius (1,281 meters- 4,203 ft at present) is one of those legendary and mythic mountains  the Earth  paid regularly tribute. Monte Vesuvio in Italian modern langage or Mons Vesuvius in antique Latin langage is a stratovolcano in the Gulf of Naples (Italy) about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. 

It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure.

Mount Vesuvius is best known for its eruption in AD 79 that led to the burying and destruction of the Roman antique cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and several other settlements. That eruption ejected a cloud of stones, ash, and fumes to a height of 33 km (20.5 mi), spewing molten rock and pulverized pumice at the rate of 1.5 million tons per second, ultimately releasing a hundred thousand times the thermal energy released by the Hiroshima bombing. At least 1,000 people died in the eruption. The only surviving eyewitness account of the event consists of two letters by Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus.

Vesuvius has erupted many times since and is the only volcano on the European mainland to have erupted within the last hundred years. Nowadays, it is regarded as one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world because of the population of 3,000,000 people living nearby and its tendency towards explosive eruptions (said Plinian eruptions). It is the most densely populated volcanic region in the world.

Vesuvius was formed as a result of the collision of two tectonic plates, the African and the Eurasian. The former was subducted beneath the latter, deeper into the earth. As the water-saturated sediments of the oceanic African plate were pushed to hotter depths in the earth, the water boiled off and caused the melting point of the upper mantle to drop enough to create partial melting of the rocks. Because magma is less dense than the solid rock around it, it was pushed upward. Finding a weak place at the Earth's surface it broke through, producing the volcano.

he area around Vesuvius was officially declared a national park on June 5, 1995. The summit of Vesuvius is open to visitors and there is a small network of paths around the mountain that are maintained by the park authorities on weekends.

___________________________________________

2019 - Wandering Vertexes...

by Francis Rousseau 

VESUVIUS PAINTED BY GUSTAVE CAILLEBOTTE

GUSTAVE CAILLEBOTTE  (1848-1894) 

Vesuvius  (1,281m - 4,203ft)

Italy

In Sur une route à Naples (c. 1872), Oil on canvas, 60 x 40 cm. Private Collection

About the painting

The mountain was not, strictly speaking, Caillebotte's main subject of interest ! He painted very little, (not to say) no mountains! The canvas above is his only known example and still represents a mountain (the Vesuvius) seized as by accident while he wants especially to paint the horse-drawn car which led him in this  Neapolitan  campaign to observe this most famous volcano under a nes angle. The result is a masterwork  with this unexpected view of the volcano ! 

The mountain 

Mount Vesuvius (1,281 meters- 4,203 ft at present) is one of those legendary and mythic mountains the Earth paid regularly tribute. Monte Vesuvio in Italian modern langage or Mons Vesuvius in antique Latin langage is a stratovolcano in the Gulf of Naples (Italy) about 9 km (5.6 mi) east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. 

It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuvius consists of a large cone partially encircled by the steep rim of a summit caldera caused by the collapse of an earlier and originally much higher structure.

Mount Vesuvius is best known for its eruption in AD 79 that led to the burying and destruction of the Roman antique cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and several other settlements. That eruption ejected a cloud of stones, ash, and fumes to a height of 33 km (20.5 mi), spewing molten rock and pulverized pumice at the rate of 1.5 million tons per second, ultimately releasing a hundred thousand times the thermal energy released by the Hiroshima bombing. At least 1,000 people died in the eruption. The only surviving eyewitness account of the event consists of two letters by Pliny the Younger to the historian Tacitus.

Vesuvius has erupted many times since and is the only volcano on the European mainland to have erupted within the last hundred years. Nowadays, it is regarded as one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world because of the population of 3,000,000 people living nearby and its tendency towards explosive eruptions (said Plinian eruptions). It is the most densely populated volcanic region in the world.

Vesuvius was formed as a result of the collision of two tectonic plates, the African and the Eurasian. The former was subducted beneath the latter, deeper into the earth. As the water-saturated sediments of the oceanic African plate were pushed to hotter depths in the earth, the water boiled off and caused the melting point of the upper mantle to drop enough to create partial melting of the rocks. Because magma is less dense than the solid rock around it, it was pushed upward. Finding a weak place at the Earth's surface it broke through, producing the volcano.

he area around Vesuvius was officially declared a national park on June 5, 1995. The summit of Vesuvius is open to visitors and there is a small network of paths around the mountain that are maintained by the park authorities on weekends.

There is access by road to within 200 metres (660 ft) of the summit (measured vertically), but thereafter access is on foot only. There is a spiral walkway around the mountain from the road to the crater.

The first funicular cable car on Mount Vesuvius opened in 1880. It was later destroyed by the 1944 eruption. "Funiculì, Funiculà", a famous Neapolitan song with lyrics by journalist Peppino Turco set to music by composer Luigi Denza, commemorates its opening.

The painter
The very important french painter Gustave Caillebotte, (known in US more than his own country) was a member and patron of the artists known as Impressionists,(or independents) although he painted in a more realistic manner than many others in the group. Caillebotte was noted for his early interest in photography as an art form.
With regard to the composition and painting style of his works, Caillebotte may be considered part of the first movement after Impressionism: Neo-Impressionism. The second period of Pointillism, whose main representative was Georges Seurat, announced its influence in the late works that Caillebotte painted at his country house in Petit Gennevilliers. 

Caillebotte's style belongs to the School of Realism but was strongly influenced by his Impressionist associates. In common with his precursors Jean-François Millet and Gustave Courbet, as well his contemporary Degas, Caillebotte aimed to paint reality as it existed and as he saw it, hoping to reduce the inherent theatricality of painting. Perhaps because of his close relationship with so many of his peers, his style and technique vary considerably among his works, as if "borrowing" and experimenting, but not really sticking to any one style. At times, he seems very much in the Edgar Degas camp of rich-colored realism (especially his interior scenes); at other times, he shares the Impressionist commitment to "optical truth" and employs an impressionistic pastel-softness and loose brush strokes most similar to Renoir and Pissarro, although with a less vibrant palette.
The tilted ground common to these paintings is very characteristic of Caillebotte's work, which may have been strongly influenced by Japanese prints and the new technology of photography, although evidence of his use of photography is lacking. Cropping and "zooming-in", techniques that commonly are found in Caillebotte's oeuvre, may also be the result of his interest in photography, but may just as likely be derived from his intense interest in perspective effects. A large number of Caillebotte's works also employ a very high vantage point, including View of Rooftops - Snow (Vue de toits (Effet de neige) 1878, Boulevard Seen from Above (Boulevard vu d'en haut) 1880, and A Traffic Island (Un refuge, boulevard Haussmann), 1880.
Caillebotte is best known for his paintings of  still life , water sports and urban Paris, The latter is almost unique among his works for its particularly flat colors and photo-realistic effect, which give the painting its distinctive and modern look, almost akin to American Realists such as Edward Hopper.

___________________________________________

2019 - Wandering Vertexes...

by Francis Rousseau