GUNUNG SUMBING PAINTED BY ERNEST DEZENTJE

ERNEST DEZENTJE (1885-1972) 

Gunung Sumbing  (3,371m -11,060 ft) 

Indonesia  (Java)

The mountain 
Gunung Sumbing  (3,371 m - 11,060 ft)  or Gurung Sumbing  (meaning Mount Sumbing) is a prominent high stratovolcano that lies across a 1400-m-high saddle from symmetrical Sundoro (3,136m) volcano in central Java. Prominent cones are located on the N and SE flanks, which is somewhat more dissected than Sundoro. An 800-m-wide horseshoe-shaped summit crater breached to the NE is partially filled by a lava dome that fed a lava flow down to 2400 m elevation. Emplacement of the dome followed the eruption of extensive pyroclastic flows down the NE flank.
The only report of historical activity, in about 1730 CE, may have produced the small phreatic craters found at the summit.
The announcement of an eruption in the Smithsonian/USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report (30 July-5 August 2008) was later found to be false. The Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) noted that a pilot reported an eruption plume from Sumbing on 1 August 2008. The plume allegedly rose to an altitude of 4.9 km and drifted W. However, ash was not identified on satellite imagery. Center of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (CVGHM) observers at the local observatory saw only non-eruptive processes at the volcano, and they noted brush fires in September and October. A common problem in this active region occurs when drifting plumes become linked to the wrong volcano.

The painter
The ‘Indisch’- Indonesian landscape painter Ernest Regnard Leonce Dezentjé was an autodidact.  His career  (mostly local) began when first president of the Republic of Indonesia, Soekarno (1901-1970), - who declared the independence of the country in 1945, felt in love with his painting and decided to make him the  "court painter".  Dezentje was then labelled an impressionist of the early Indonesian School, being considered by critics and young artists as a  typical establishment artist.  Along his eminently nationalistic themas the mountains and volcanoes of Indonesia took a important place.

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2019 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau 

GUNUNG SUMBING & SUNDORO BY WILLEM IMANDT

WILLEM IMANDT (1882-1967) 

 Gunung Sumbing  (3,371 m - 11, 060ft) - on right 

Gunung Sundoro  (3,136 m - 10, 289 ft) - on left 

Indonesia (Central Java) 

 In Mount Sundoro and Mount Sumbing, oil on canvas, 1939

The volcanoes 

Gunung Sumbing (3,371 m - 11, 060ft) on right on this painting,  is an active stratovolcano in Central Java, Indonesia, symmetrical with Gunung Sundoro. The only report of historical eruptions is from 1730. It has created a small phreatic crater at the summit.

Gunung Sundoro  (3,136 m - 10, 289 ft)  also called  Sindara or   Sindoro, on left on this painting, is an active stratovolcano in Central Java, Indonesia. Parasitic craters and cones are found in the northwest-southern flanks; the largest is called Kembang. A small lava dome occupies the volcano's summit. Historical eruptions have been mostly mild-to-moderate.

The painter 

Willem Imandt was born in a tiny village in Zealand Flanders, close to the Dutch-Belgian border. He successfully started a career as teacher, with posts in his birth region and Amsterdam. He was also a talented draughtsman, without more than a basic education in this field. In 1908, he went to the Dutch East Indies, where he was employed in a number of cities on Sulawesi and Java until his retirement in 1929. At that point, he took up his old vocation and had a successful career as a painter.

 Imandt developed his own style. He concentrated on a few themes - landscapes and marines - and earned growing appreciation, that was also reflected in the prices his works fetched. His income from painting soon surpassed his teacher's salary. When he repatriated he was a wealthy man, who in Flanders continued to paint to fulfill the demand of other repatriates for a tangible and nostalgic memory of their Indies years. The Indies still were alluring Imandt, and in 1938 he returned as a famous painter. He was, as all Dutchmen, interned in a Japanese camp, as was his wife. They survived and returned for good in 1946. But as a painter oblivion was his fate. He died in The Hague in 1967. Now, Imandt is a respected part of the revival in interest (as well as a beneficiary of proceeds from the auctions). 

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2019 - Wandering Vertexes...

by Francis Rousseau 

GUNUNG SUMBING (2) PAINTED BY BASOEKI ABDULLAH

BASOEKI ABDULLAH (1915 -1993), 

Gunung Sumbing  (3,371m- 11, 060ft) 

 Indonesia (Java) 

The mountain 
Gunung Sumbing  (3,371 m - 11,060 ft)  or Gurung Sumbing  (meaning Mount Sumbing) is a prominent high stratovolcano that lies across a 1400-m-high saddle from symmetrical Sundoro (3,136m) volcano in central Java. Prominent cones are located on the N and SE flanks, which is somewhat more dissected than Sundoro. An 800-m-wide horseshoe-shaped summit crater breached to the NE is partially filled by a lava dome that fed a lava flow down to 2400 m elevation. Emplacement of the dome followed the eruption of extensive pyroclastic flows down the NE flank.
The only report of historical activity, in about 1730 CE, may have produced the small phreatic craters found at the summit.
The announcement of an eruption in the Smithsonian/USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report (30 July-5 August 2008) was later found to be false. The Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) noted that a pilot reported an eruption plume from Sumbing on 1 August 2008. The plume allegedly rose to an altitude of 4.9 km and drifted W. However, ash was not identified on satellite imagery. Center of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (CVGHM) observers at the local observatory saw only non-eruptive processes at the volcano, and they noted brush fires in September and October. A common problem in this active region occurs when drifting plumes become linked to the wrong volcano.

The painter 
Basoeki (or Basuki) Abdullah is one of the modern master painters of Indonesia, known as a realist and naturalist painter. He has been appointed as the official painter of Merdeka Palace in Jakarta and works adorn palaces and presidential countries Indonesia, in addition to have been collectibles from around the world. His father, Abdullah Suriosubroto, was a famous painter and dancer, while his grandfather,  Doctor Wahidin Sudirohusodo, was a prominent Indonesian National Awakening Movement in the early 1900's. Since the age of 4 years, he began to paint  famous personalities such as Mahatma Gandhi, Rabindranath Tagore and even "Jesus Christ and Krishnamurti".
His acquired a formal education in the Basoeki Abdullah Catholic and Catholic Mulo in Solo.
In 1933,  he obtained a scholarship to study at the Academic Arts in The Hague, Netherlands, and completed his studies within 3 years with awarded Certificate of Royal International of Art (RIA). On 6 September 1948,  during the revolutionary period,  Basoeki Abdullah is housed in Amsterdam (Netherlands) during the coronation of Queen Juliana which held a contest to paint, he defeated 87 European painters and managed to come out as winners.
Since then, the world began to recognize Basoeki Abdullah, during his frequent visits around Europe (Italy and France) and was well known by many resident artists with a worldwide reputation.
_______________________________
2018 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau

GUNUNG SUMBING (1) BY BASOEKI ABDULLAH

BASOEKI ABDULLAH (1915 -1993)

Gunung Sumbing  (3,371m -11,060 ft) 

Indonesia  (Java)

The mountain 
Gunung Sumbing  (3,371 m - 11,060 ft)  or Gurung Sumbing  (meaning Mount Sumbing) is a prominent high stratovolcano that lies across a 1400-m-high saddle from symmetrical Sundoro (3,136m) volcano in central Java. Prominent cones are located on the N and SE flanks, which is somewhat more dissected than Sundoro. An 800-m-wide horseshoe-shaped summit crater breached to the NE is partially filled by a lava dome that fed a lava flow down to 2400 m elevation. Emplacement of the dome followed the eruption of extensive pyroclastic flows down the NE flank.
The only report of historical activity, in about 1730 CE, may have produced the small phreatic craters found at the summit.
The announcement of an eruption in the Smithsonian/USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report (30 July-5 August 2008) was later found to be false. The Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) noted that a pilot reported an eruption plume from Sumbing on 1 August 2008. The plume allegedly rose to an altitude of 4.9 km and drifted W. However, ash was not identified on satellite imagery. Center of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (CVGHM) observers at the local observatory saw only non-eruptive processes at the volcano, and they noted brush fires in September and October. A common problem in this active region occurs when drifting plumes become linked to the wrong volcano.

The painter 
Basoeki (or Basuki) Abdullah is one of the modern master painters of Indonesia, known as a realist and naturalist painter. He has been appointed as the official painter of Merdeka Palace in Jakarta and works adorn palaces and presidential countries Indonesia, in addition to have been collectibles from around the world. His father, Abdullah Suriosubroto, was a famous painter and dancer, while his grandfather,  Doctor Wahidin Sudirohusodo, was a prominent Indonesian National Awakening Movement in the early 1900's. Since the age of 4 years, he began to paint  famous personalities such as Mahatma Gandhi, Rabindranath Tagore and even "Jesus Christ and Krishnamurti".
His acquired a formal education in the Basoeki Abdullah Catholic and Catholic Mulo in Solo.
In 1933,  he obtained a scholarship to study at the Academic Arts in The Hague, Netherlands, and completed his studies within 3 years with awarded Certificate of Royal International of Art (RIA). On 6 September 1948,  during the revolutionary period,  Basoeki Abdullah is housed in Amsterdam (Netherlands) during the coronation of Queen Juliana which held a contest to paint, he defeated 87 European painters and managed to come out as winners.
Since then, the world began to recognize Basoeki Abdullah, during his frequent visits around Europe (Italy and France) and was well known by many resident artists with a worldwide reputation.

_______________________________

2018 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau 

GUNUNG SUMBING BY FRANZ-WILHELM JUNGHUHN

FRANZ-WILHELM  JUNGHUHN (1809-1864) 

Gunung Sumbing  or Mount Sumbing (3,371m -11,060 ft) 

Indonesia  (Java)

In 1853-1854  - Engraving shown in Leiden University Library

The mountain 

Gunung Sumbing or Gurung Sumbing  (meaning Mount Sumbing) is a prominent 3,371 m (11,060 ft) high stratovolcano that lies across a 1400-m-high saddle from symmetrical Sundoro (3,136m) volcano in central Java. Prominent cones are located on the N and SE flanks, which is somewhat more dissected than Sundoro. An 800-m-wide horseshoe-shaped summit crater breached to the NE is partially filled by a lava dome that fed a lava flow down to 2400 m elevation. Emplacement of the dome followed the eruption of extensive pyroclastic flows down the NE flank. 

The only report of historical activity, in about 1730 CE, may have produced the small phreatic craters found at the summit. 

The announcement of an eruption in the Smithsonian/USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report (30 July-5 August 2008) was later found to be false. The Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) noted that a pilot reported an eruption plume from Sumbing on 1 August 2008. The plume allegedly rose to an altitude of 4.9 km and drifted W. However, ash was not identified on satellite imagery. Center of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (CVGHM) observers at the local observatory saw only non-eruptive processes at the volcano, and they noted brush fires in September and October. A common problem in this active region occurs when drifting plumes become linked to the wrong volcano. After discussing the field observations, both Darwin VAAC and Indonesia's CVG

M concluded the report was in error.  Ashes was not identified on satellite imagery.

The artist 

Friedrich Franz Wilhelm Junghuhn was a German-Dutch botanist and geologist, who studied medicine in Halle and in Berlin from 1827 to 1831, meanwhile publishing  (1830)a seminal paper on mushrooms in Limnaea. 

Junghuhn settled on Java, where he made an extensive study of the land and its people. 

He discovered the Kawah Putih crater lake south of Bandung in 1837.

 He published extensively on his many often highly adventurous expeditions and his scientific analyses.  Among his works is an important description and natural history in many volumes of the volcanoes of Java, Bijdragen tot de geschiedenis der vulkanen in den Indischen Archipel (1843). 

He completed Die Topographischen und Naturwissenschaftlichen Reisen durch Java (Topographic and Scientific Journeys in Java) in 1845 and a first anthropological and topographical study of Sumatra, Die Bättalander auf Sumatra (Batak lands of Sumatra). in 1847.

In 1849, ill health forced his return to the Netherlands.  While in the Netherlands, Junghuhn began work on a four volume treatise published in Dutch and translated into German between 1850 and 1854: Java, deszelfs gedaante, bekleeding en inwendige struktuur (in German: Java, seine Gestalt, Pflanzendecke, und sein innerer Bau). Junghuhn was an avid humanist and socialist. In the Netherlands he published anonymously his free-thinking manifesto Licht- en Schaduwbeelden uit de Binnenlanden van Java (Images of Light and Shadow from Java's interior) between 1853 and 1855. The work was controversial, advocating socialism in the colonies and fiercely criticizing Christian and Islamic proselytization of the Javanese people.   Junghuhn instead wrote of his preference for a form of Pandeism (pantheistic deism), contending that God was in everything, but could only be determined through reason.  The work was banned in Austria and parts of Germany for its "denigrations and vilifications of Christianity", but was a strong seller in the Netherlands where it was first published pseudonymously.  It was also popular in colonial Indonesia, despite opposition from the Dutch Christian Church there. 

Recovered from his ills, Junghuhn returned to Java in 1855. Highly interested in botany and its practical applications, he  became embroiled in a bitter and extended controversy about the effectiveness of Cinchona species in the treatment of malaria.  This controversy was conducted in public and in print with open letters to and demands on Het Natuurkundig Genootschap; part of this exchange of minds can be followed in Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië from 1862 onwards.  At his direction massive plantation of Chincocina was carried out in Java, making it leading producer of Kina (Chinocina bark). 

He remained on Java until his death from liver disease in 1864.  On his deathbed in his house near Lembang on the slopes of the volcano Tangkuban Perahu just north of Bandung, Java,  it is  said that Junghuhn asked the doctor to open the windows, in order to say goodbye to the mountains that he loved. 

In Lembang there is a small monument to his memory in a grassy square named after him planted with some of his favorite trees among which the Cinchona. A minor item of trivia playing into polemical discussions of Junghuhn is his surname, literally translated as "young chicken".

The plants Cyathea junghuhniana and Nepenthes junghuhnii are named after Franz Junghuhn.