IZALCO VOLCANO IN VINTAGE STAMPS 1890

VINTAGE STAMPS 1890 

 Izalco Volcano (1,950m - 6,398ft)

El Salvador

In Volcan de Izalco, faro de la America Central, 1 cents stamp, 1890,  

Columbian Bank Note Company 

The volcano
The Izalco Volcano (1,950m -  is the youngest of the volcanoes in El Salvador and one of the youngest in the Americas.   The name of Izalco has its origin in the Nahuatl language (Itshalco) and means: "Place in the obsidian sands or Place in the black sands".
According to the popular version, it originated in the year 1770 when a hole in the skirt of the Santa Ana Volcano began to emit smoke and ashes. However, the historian Jorge Lardé and Larín indicates that its origins go back to March 19, 1722 when "a new crater was formed where it vomited fire, lava and ashes", 1 which made an important eruption in 1745 .
For 196 years the volcano erupted almost ceaselessly, so much that its flames could be seen until the ocean , this gave rise to that it was known with the nickname of Lighthouse of the Pacific . Its activity was such that a cone of 650 meters was formed on the neighboring plain (1,952 msnm), with a crater of 250 meters in diameter. Its last regular eruption occurred in 1958 , although in 1966 it awoke from its inactivity with a small lateral eruption. 2 Since then, there has been a gradual decrease in activity and temperature of its fumaroles.

The stamps
Correos de El Salvador is a dependency of the Ministry of the Interior in charge of offering postal services with national and international coverage. By constitutional mandate, it is up to the Salvadoran State to provide these services by itself or through autonomous institutions, and to monitor this activity when it is provided by private companies.
On March 1, 1867 stamps were mandatory in the country. These stamps were oval in shape and showed the figure of the San Miguel volcano surrounded by eleven stars representing the eleven departments in which the republic was divided at that time.
The Philatelic Society of El Salvador was founded in the city of San Salvador on January 5, 1940, at the initiative of Enrique Patiño, Antonio Pinto Lima and Ciro Rusconi. Patiño was its first president and the first meeting of the society brought together sixteen philatelists. Also in the United States The El Salvador Collectors Club was formed on May 3, 1975, which was incorporated into the Jack Knight Collectors Club, and later changed its name to Associated Collectors of El Salvador .
Both associations joined in 2004 to create the Philatelic Society of El Salvador - ACES , dedicated to the online study of stamps and postal history of El Salvador.
The institution has a quarterly online magazine called El Salvador Filatélico - El Faro.

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2019 - Wandering Vertexes...
by Francis Rousseau 

VOLCAN SAN VICENTE / CHICHONTEPEC IN VINTAGE POSTCARD 1940

 VINTAGE POSTCARD 1940  

Volcan San Vicente / Chichontepec (2,182m-7,159ft) 

El Salvador 

The mountain 

San Vicente  (2,182m-7,159ft)  also known as Chichontepec or Las Chiches is a stratovolcano in central El Salvador. It is located next to the town of San Vicente (hence the name) and is the second highest volcano in El Salvador. In the indigenous language Nahuat, Chichontepec means the mountain of the two breasts, because its double summit resembles a woman's bosom. 

The volcano has two craters, one located in each summit, although not exactly at the top. Dense vegetation covers both summits. Numerous hot springs and fumaroles are found on the northern and western flanks of the volcano. To the northeast, at 820 metres in a ravine of 180 metres longitude, there are fumaroles—fountains of clear and muddy water or small volcanoes of mud.

The last significant eruption occurred more than 1,700 years ago. The volcano may have had a very long history of repeated, and sometimes violent, eruptions, and at least once a large section of the volcano collapsed in a massive landslide.

On August 9, 1995, Aviateca Flight 901 crashed at the volcano, killing all 65 people on board.

SANTA MARIA VOLCANO PHOTOGRAPHED BY TEMPEST ANDERSON

TEMPEST ANDERSON (1846-1913)

Santa María Volcano (3,772m- 12, 375ft)

Guatemala

In Santa Maria Volcano crater of 1902,  photographed in 1907, black and white glass lantern slide 

The mountain 
Santa María Volcano (3,772m- 12, 375ft)  is a large active volcano in the western highlands of Guatemala, in the Quetzaltenango Department near the city of Quetzaltenango.
The volcano was known as Gagxanul in the local K'iche' language, before the 16th century Spanish Conquest of the region.
The VEI 6 eruption of Santa María Volcano in 1902 was one of the  largest eruptions of the 20th century and one of the five biggest eruptions of the past 200 (and most likely 300) years.
Santa María Volcano is part of the Sierra Madre range of volcanoes, which extends along the western edge of Guatemala, separated from the Pacific Ocean by a broad plain. The volcanoes are formed by the subduction of the Cocos Plate under the Caribbean Plate, which led to the formation of the Central America Volcanic Arc.
Eruptions at Santa María are estimated to have begun about 30,000 years ago but the The VEI 6 eruption of october 1902 is the first eruption in recorded history. Before 1902 the volcano had been dormant for at least 500 years and possibly several thousand years, but its awakening was clearly indicated by a seismic swarm in the region starting in January 1902, which included a major earthquake in April 1902. The eruption began on 24 October, and the largest explosions occurred over the following two days, ejecting an estimated 5.5 cubic kilometres (1.3 cu mi) of magma. The eruption was one of the largest of the 20th century, only slightly less in magnitude to that of  NObaruptia in 1912 and Mount Pinatubo in 1991. The eruption had a VEI of 6, thus being 'Colossal'.
The pumice formed in the climactic eruption fell over an area of about 273,000 square kilometres (105,000 sq mi), and volcanic ash as far away as San Francisco, 4,000 kilometres (2,500 mi) away. The eruption tore away much of the south-western flank of the volcano, leaving a crater about 1 kilometre (0.6 mi) in diameter and about 300 metres (980 ft) deep, stretching from just below the summit to an elevation of about 2,300 metres (7,500 ft). The first evidence of the eruption was a sprinkling of sand on Quezaltenango. The wind then changed from the south to the east and ashes began to fall at Helvetia, a coffee plantation six miles to the South-West. Because of the lack of recorded eruptive activity at Santa María, local people did not recognise the preceding seismicity as warning signs of an eruption. At least 5,000 people died as a result of the eruption itself, and a subsequent outbreak of malaria killed many more.

The photographer
Tempest Anderson  was an ophthalmic surgeon at York County Hospital in the United Kingdom, and an expert amateur photographer and vulcanologist. He was a member of the Royal Society Commission which was appointed to investigate the aftermath of the eruptions of Soufriere volcano, St Vincent and Mont Pelee, Martinique, West Indies which both erupted in May 1902. Some of his photographs of these eruptions were subsequently published in his book, Volcanic Studies in Many Lands.
Tempest Anderson spent nine months in Mexico, Guatemala and the West Indies in 1906/1907. He travelled to Mexico to attend the 10th Congres Geologique International before sailing by mail steamer to Guatemala to study the effects of the 1902 earthquake. During the trip he observed and photographed Cerro Quemado, Santa Maria, and Atitlan. During this trip he collected first hand accounts of the 1902 eruption of the Santa Maria and the immediate aftermath. Captain Saunders of the Pacific Mail Steamer S.S. Newport observed the eruption cloud which rose to a great height. The Captain measured it using a sextant and recorded it as reaching 17 to 18 miles. The sounds accompanying the eruption were loud and were heard even louder at more distant places than close to the mountain. The eruption was heard as far away as Guatemala City, the noises so strong, they were assumed to come from neighbouring volcanoes.