FREDERIC ROUGE (1867-1950)
The Dents du Midi (3,114 m to 3,257 m -10,216 ft to10,685 ft)
Switzerland
In At sunset, 1922 and 1943, oil on canvas, Private collection
The mountains
The Dents du Midi (Teeth of the south) (3,114 m to 3,257 m -10,216 ft to10,685 ft) are mountain range, 3 kilometers long, located in the Chablais Alps in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. Overlooking the valley of Illiez and Rhône Valley on south, they face the lake Salanfe, an artificial reservoir, and are part of the geological whole massif Giffre.
The name "Dents du Midi" is recent. The people formerly called them "Dents Tsallen". It was only towards the end of the19e century that the name "Dents du Midi" came officially.
Each « tooth » had several names over the centuries and according to its geological evolution.
- The "Cime de l'Est" (3,178 meters) called "Mont Novierre" before the mid-17th century, and "Mont Saint-Michel "after landslides in 1635 and 1636 and finally "Dent Noire" (until the 19th century).
- The "Dent Jaune" (3,186 m) was called the "Dent Rouge" until 1879.
- The "Doigt de Champéry" (in 1882) and then the Doigt Salanfe (in 1886) turned just into "Les Doigts" (Fingers) (3,205 m and 3210 m).
- The "Haute Cime" (3,257 m) also had many names : "Dent de L’ouest" (until 1784)an then "Dent du Midi", "Dent de Tsallen" and "Dent de Challent."
- As for l’Eperon (3,114 m) (The Spur), it is assumed that there were two peaks but a landslide in the Middle Ages significantly changed its crest.
- The Forteresse (3,164 m) and the Cathedral (3,160 m) have not changed names.
The evolution of this massif continues nowadays. So on the morning of 30 October 2006, a volume of 1 million m3 of rock broke away from the edge of the Haute Cime and slid down the slope to an altitude of about 3000 m. The event did not present danger to the nearby village of Val-d'Illiez but roads and trails were closed for security reasons. According to the cantonal geologist, the landslide was caused by the thawing of rocks, helped by warm summers of recent years.
The painter
Frederic Rouge was born in Aigle (Switzerland), on 27 April 1867. His parents owned a small shoe factory. After school, he attended the Fine Arts College in Basel for a year, coming first of his class at the end of the course. Then, after a while studying with the history painter Vigier, he came back home to live with his parents. To perfect his technique, the artist spent three consecutive winters at the Julian Academy in Paris "where Professor Boulanger, exacting and irascible, was hard to please". In 1903, Frederic Rouge settled in Ollon, not far from Aigle, in a pleasant house called "The Cedars". Today Ollon is still a large village surrounded by orchards and vineyards bathed in sunshine, its dense forests teeming with wildlife, and where the Alpine scenery reigns supreme.
He wholeheartedly loved this region which provided him with so many subjects of inspiration, and whose every season, scene and mood he rendered so faithfully.
Frederic Rouge was suffering from paralysis when he died on 13 February 1950. All his life he had remained unassuming, an honest man and a great artist, true to his ideals, a citizen devoted to the cause of liberty - perhaps not the best way to make one's fortune, even for a painter of talent !
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